Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
V. Akhundov National Scientific Research Medical Prophylactic Institute, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Acta Parasitol. 2024 Sep;69(3):1613-1620. doi: 10.1007/s11686-024-00903-1. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Visceral Leishmaniasis is a serious public health problem caused by Leishmania species parasites. Approximately 500 thousand people get Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) every year. An effective and reliable vaccine against the disease has still not been formulated. Choosing the right adjuvant is important to increase immunogenicity in vaccines prepared with total antigens. In this study, we investigate the ideal adjuvant for use in vaccine formulations against VL. For this purpose, Leishmania antigens (FTLA) obtained from L. infantum parasites by the freeze-thaw method and three different adjuvants (alum-saponin and calcium phosphate) were used. The effectiveness of the formulations was investigated in vitro by cell viability analysis and determination of nitric oxide and cytokine production abilities in J774 macrophage cells. According to the study results, it was determined that formulations prepared with calcium phosphate produced 72% more NO and approximately 7.2 times more IL-12 cytokine. The results obtained showed that calcium phosphate salts can be used as ideal adjuvants in vaccine research against leishmaniasis.
内脏利什曼病是由利什曼原虫寄生虫引起的严重公共卫生问题。每年约有 50 万人感染内脏利什曼病（VL）。目前仍未研制出针对该疾病的有效且可靠的疫苗。选择合适的佐剂对于提高用全抗原制备的疫苗的免疫原性很重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了用于 VL 疫苗制剂的理想佐剂。为此，通过冻融法从 L. infantum 寄生虫中获得利什曼抗原（FTLA），并使用了三种不同的佐剂（明矾-皂苷和磷酸钙）。通过细胞活力分析和测定 J774 巨噬细胞中一氧化氮和细胞因子产生能力，在体外研究了制剂的效果。根据研究结果，用磷酸钙制备的制剂产生的 NO 增加了 72%，IL-12 细胞因子增加了约 7.2 倍。研究结果表明，磷酸钙盐可用作抗利什曼病疫苗研究中的理想佐剂。
