Parisi Ludovica, Mavrogonatou Eleni, Sculean Anton, Kletsas Dimitris, Degen Martin
Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
Periodontol 2000. 2024 Aug 20. doi: 10.1111/prd.12602.
Orthodontic therapy applies forces to teeth, causing an inflammatory reaction in the periodontal ligament. This is repaired by remodeling of the periodontium, allowing tooth displacement. Although orthodontic therapy is mostly initiated during childhood and adolescence, the number of adults seeking this treatment is increasing as our society's esthetic awareness rises. However, adults may already have periodontal tissue abnormalities, rendering orthodontic treatment inefficient because a healthy periodontium is essential for success. Numerous risk factors have been linked to periodontal lesions, with orthodontic tooth movement possibly playing a minimal influence. Although such tissue damages are mostly of esthetic rather than functional concern for patients, restoration frequently requires invasive procedures. Autologous cells for the treatment of periodontal complications have grown in popularity as a less intrusive alternative. The present review analyzed the literature on the use of mesenchymal stem cells and oral tissue-derived fibroblasts for the healing of periodontal defects that may be related to orthodontic tooth movement. Furthermore, the advantages and challenges of the two cell types have been examined. Although the number of clinical studies is currently limited, our study demonstrates that oral fibroblasts have the potential to be the next emergent frontrunners for tissue engineering in the periodontium.
正畸治疗会对牙齿施加力，从而在牙周韧带中引发炎症反应。这种反应通过牙周组织的重塑得以修复，进而实现牙齿移动。尽管正畸治疗大多在儿童和青少年时期开始，但随着社会审美意识的提高，寻求这种治疗的成年人数量正在增加。然而，成年人可能已经存在牙周组织异常，这使得正畸治疗效率低下，因为健康的牙周组织是治疗成功的关键。许多风险因素与牙周病变有关，正畸牙齿移动可能对此影响甚微。尽管此类组织损伤对患者而言大多是美观而非功能方面的问题，但修复通常需要侵入性操作。用于治疗牙周并发症的自体细胞作为一种侵入性较小的替代方法越来越受欢迎。本综述分析了有关使用间充质干细胞和口腔组织来源的成纤维细胞治疗可能与正畸牙齿移动相关的牙周缺损的文献。此外，还研究了这两种细胞类型的优势和挑战。尽管目前临床研究的数量有限，但我们的研究表明，口腔成纤维细胞有可能成为牙周组织工程的下一个新兴前沿细胞类型。
