Guevarra Darwin A, Dutcher Ethan G, Crum Alia J, Prather Aric A, Epel Elissa S
Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 North Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA.
Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, 675 18th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA.
Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024 Jul 16;40:100818. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100818. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Although vaccines are largely effective and safe, there is variability in post-vaccination experience regarding antibody response, side effects, and affective outcomes. Vaccine mindsets, specific beliefs about the vaccine, may be associated with post-vaccination experience. This is important since mindsets are malleable and may help decrease vaccine hesitancy and improve post-vaccination experience.
In a prospective study, we measured overall positive vaccine mindset and specific mindsets regarding efficacy, body response, and side effects. We tested whether vaccine mindsets before vaccination predicted neutralizing antibody response, side effects, vaccine-related stress, and affective outcomes (general stress, sadness, and happiness). Antibody response was assessed one month and six months after participants completed a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination series. Side effect experience and affective reactions were assessed daily on the vaccination day and the subsequent five days.
There was no significant association between the aggregate vaccine mindset score and neutralizing antibody response; however, people with a more positive vaccine mindset reported fewer side effects, less same-day vaccine-related anxiety, and improved affective outcomes after vaccination. In secondary analyses, when specific mindsets were explored, the mindset that vaccine side effects are a sign of treatment efficacy predicted higher antibodies, but not side effects experience and vaccine-related anxiety. Vaccine efficacy and body-response mindsets predicted fewer side effects, vaccine-related anxiety, and improved affective outcomes after vaccination.
These findings underscore the potential of vaccine mindsets in enhancing the overall post-vaccination experience and, in some cases, increasing antibody response.
尽管疫苗在很大程度上有效且安全，但接种疫苗后的抗体反应、副作用和情感结果存在差异。疫苗心态，即对疫苗的特定信念，可能与接种疫苗后的体验有关。这一点很重要，因为心态是可塑的，可能有助于减少疫苗犹豫并改善接种疫苗后的体验。
在一项前瞻性研究中，我们测量了总体积极疫苗心态以及关于效力、身体反应和副作用的特定心态。我们测试了接种疫苗前的疫苗心态是否能预测中和抗体反应、副作用、疫苗相关压力和情感结果（一般压力、悲伤和幸福）。在参与者完成SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种系列后的1个月和6个月评估抗体反应。在接种日及随后的五天每天评估副作用体验和情感反应。
总体疫苗心态得分与中和抗体反应之间没有显著关联；然而，具有更积极疫苗心态的人报告的副作用更少，当天疫苗相关焦虑更少，接种疫苗后的情感结果更好。在二次分析中，当探索特定心态时，认为疫苗副作用是治疗效力标志的心态预测了更高的抗体水平，但与副作用体验和疫苗相关焦虑无关。疫苗效力和身体反应心态预测接种疫苗后副作用更少、疫苗相关焦虑更少且情感结果更好。
这些发现强调了疫苗心态在改善总体接种疫苗后体验以及在某些情况下增加抗体反应方面的潜力。
