Cao Fangfang, Li Yuanyuan, Peng Ting, Li Yuanmei, Yang Lihua, Hu Lanping, Zhang Han, Wang Jiali
Division of Nephrology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.
Division of Science and Education, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Aug 6;11:1428995. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1428995. eCollection 2024.
Renal fibrosis, a critical factor in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is predominantly initiated by acute kidney injury (AKI) and subsequent maladaptive repair resulting from pharmacological or pathological stimuli. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), also known as phosphatase and tensin-associated phosphatase, plays a pivotal role in regulating the physiological behavior of renal tubular epithelial cells, glomeruli, and renal interstitial cells, thereby preserving the homeostasis of renal structure and function. It significantly impacts cell proliferation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and mitochondrial energy metabolism during AKI-to-CKD transition. Despite gradual elucidation of PTEN's involvement in various kidney injuries, its specific role in AKI and maladaptive repair after injury remains unclear. This review endeavors to delineate the multifaceted role of PTEN in renal pathology during AKI and CKD progression along with its underlying mechanisms, emphasizing its influence on oxidative stress, autophagy, non-coding RNA-mediated recruitment and activation of immune cells as well as renal fibrosis. Furthermore, we summarize prospective therapeutic targeting strategies for AKI and CKD-treatment related diseases through modulation of PTEN.
肾纤维化是慢性肾脏病（CKD）发展的关键因素，主要由急性肾损伤（AKI）以及药物或病理刺激导致的后续适应性修复不良引发。磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物（PTEN），也称为磷酸酶和张力蛋白相关磷酸酶，在调节肾小管上皮细胞、肾小球和肾间质细胞的生理行为中起关键作用，从而维持肾脏结构和功能的稳态。在AKI向CKD转变过程中，它对细胞增殖、凋亡、纤维化和线粒体能量代谢有显著影响。尽管人们逐渐阐明了PTEN在各种肾脏损伤中的作用，但其在AKI及损伤后适应性修复中的具体作用仍不清楚。本综述旨在阐述PTEN在AKI和CKD进展过程中在肾脏病理中的多方面作用及其潜在机制，强调其对氧化应激、自噬、非编码RNA介导的免疫细胞募集和激活以及肾纤维化的影响。此外，我们总结了通过调节PTEN针对AKI和CKD相关疾病的前瞻性治疗靶向策略。
