Kara Tayfun, Aydoğan Avşar Pınar, Kuru Tacettin, Kocaman Orhan
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Alanya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
Early Interv Psychiatry. 2025 Jan;19(1):e13608. doi: 10.1111/eip.13608. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
Researchers report varying levels of cognitive flexibility and theory of mind (ToM) deficiencies in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This research set out to investigate the impact of these variables on the disorder's outcomes.
The study involved 39 adolescents with OCD and 40 healthy controls. We assessed the case group at the initial visit to the outpatient clinic and again at the end of the first year of treatment. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) was applied to assess OCD symptom distribution and severity. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes of Children Test (RME-CT) was applied to evaluate ToM skills, and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) was employed to evaluate cognitive flexibility levels.
Baseline RME-CT and CFS scores were significantly lower in adolescents with OCD compared to the control group (p = 0.002 p = 0.001, respectively). At the end of the 1-year follow-up, RME-CT and CFS scores increased significantly in the adolescents with OCD (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). A significant negative correlation was observed between the initial RME-CT scores and the Y-BOCS scores at the end of the 1-year follow-up (p < 0.001). The initial RME-CT score had a significant negative predictive effect on the subsequent severity of OCD (β = -0.711, p < 0.001).
The research revealed poorer long-term prognoses for OCD in adolescents who exhibit low ToM skills. In conclusion, the results indicate that ToM skills may serve as a predictive factor for long-term treatment outcomes among adolescents diagnosed with OCD.
研究人员报告称，患有强迫症（OCD）的青少年在认知灵活性和心理理论（ToM）方面存在不同程度的缺陷。本研究旨在调查这些变量对该疾病预后的影响。
该研究纳入了39名患有强迫症的青少年和40名健康对照者。我们在门诊首次就诊时对病例组进行评估，并在治疗的第一年结束时再次评估。应用儿童耶鲁-布朗强迫症量表（CY-BOCS）来评估强迫症症状的分布和严重程度。应用儿童眼神读心测试（RME-CT）来评估心理理论技能，并使用认知灵活性量表（CFS）来评估认知灵活性水平。
与对照组相比，患有强迫症的青少年的基线RME-CT和CFS得分显著更低（分别为p = 0.002，p = 0.001）。在1年随访结束时，患有强迫症的青少年的RME-CT和CFS得分显著提高（分别为p < 0.001，p = 0.003）。在1年随访结束时，观察到初始RME-CT得分与Y-BOCS得分之间存在显著的负相关（p < 0.001）。初始RME-CT得分对强迫症随后的严重程度具有显著的负向预测作用（β = -0.711，p < 0.001）。
该研究揭示，心理理论技能较低的青少年强迫症患者的长期预后较差。总之，结果表明心理理论技能可能是诊断为强迫症的青少年长期治疗结果的一个预测因素。
