State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, 57202, China.
J Plant Physiol. 2024 Nov;302:154324. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154324. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
The growing worldwide population is driving up demand for cotton fibers, but production is hampered by unpredictable temperature rises caused by shifting climatic conditions. Numerous research based on breeding and genomics have been conducted to increase the production of cotton in environments with high and low-temperature stress. High temperature (HT) is a major environmental stressor with global consequences, influencing several aspects of cotton plant growth and metabolism. Heat stress-induced physiological and biochemical changes are research topics, and molecular techniques are used to improve cotton plants' heat tolerance. To preserve internal balance, heat stress activates various stress-responsive processes, including repairing damaged proteins and membranes, through various molecular networks. Recent research has investigated the diverse reactions of cotton cultivars to temperature stress, indicating that cotton plant adaptation mechanisms include the accumulation of sugars, proline, phenolics, flavonoids, and heat shock proteins. To overcome the obstacles caused by heat stress, it is crucial to develop and choose heat-tolerant cotton cultivars. Food security and sustainable agriculture depend on the application of genetic, agronomic, and, biotechnological methods to lessen the impacts of heat stress on cotton crops. Cotton producers and the textile industry both benefit from increased heat tolerance. Future studies should examine the developmental responses of cotton at different growth stages, emphasize the significance of breeding heat-tolerant cultivars, and assess the biochemical, physiological, and molecular pathways involved in seed germination under high temperatures. In a nutshell, a concentrated effort is required to raise cotton's heat tolerance due to the rising global temperatures and the rise in the frequency of extreme weather occurrences. Furthermore, emerging advances in sequencing technologies have made major progress toward successfully se sequencing the complex cotton genome.
全球人口的不断增长推动了对棉花纤维的需求，但由于气候变化导致的温度不可预测上升，棉花的产量受到了阻碍。为了在高温和低温胁迫环境下提高棉花的产量，已经进行了许多基于育种和基因组学的研究。高温（HT）是一个具有全球性影响的主要环境胁迫因素，影响棉花植物生长和新陈代谢的几个方面。热应激引起的生理和生化变化是研究课题，分子技术被用于提高棉花植物的耐热性。为了保持内部平衡，热应激通过各种分子网络激活各种应激响应过程，包括修复受损的蛋白质和膜。最近的研究调查了棉花品种对温度胁迫的不同反应，表明棉花植物的适应机制包括糖、脯氨酸、酚类、类黄酮和热激蛋白的积累。为了克服热应激带来的障碍，开发和选择耐热棉花品种至关重要。粮食安全和可持续农业依赖于应用遗传、农艺和生物技术方法来减轻高温对棉花作物的影响。棉花生产者和纺织业都受益于耐热性的提高。未来的研究应研究棉花在不同生长阶段的发育反应，强调培育耐热品种的重要性，并评估高温下种子萌发涉及的生化、生理和分子途径。简而言之，由于全球气温上升和极端天气发生频率的增加，需要集中精力提高棉花的耐热性。此外，测序技术的新兴进展在成功测序复杂的棉花基因组方面取得了重大进展。
