Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct;278(Pt 2):134885. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134885. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
Nanocomposite polymer coatings are being used as a new generation of marine antibiofouling coatings because of their toxin-free chemical composition and ease of large-scale adoption. Cellulose nanocrystal (CN) exhibits significant potential for composite reinforcement. Herein, CN was surface-modified via α,ω-bis(3-(2-hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HTPDMS), resulting in dihydroxyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane)-grafted CN (HP-g-CN). The amine-terminated PDMS as the foundational component was sequentially reacted with isophorone diisocyanate, isophthalaldehyde, and carbon disulfide to produce PDMS-based poly (urea-thiourea-imine) (PDMS-PUTI). Subsequently, a composite (PDMS-PUTI/HP-g-CN) was produced through physical blending. The intrinsic imine bonds and dynamic hydrogen-bonding network were responsible for the self-healing properties, which achieved a healing efficiency of up to 89.2 %. HP-g-CN was grafted with the non-leaching lubricant, HTPDMS, resulting in improved mechanical properties (1.38 MPa of ultimate strength) and adhesion strength (2.43 MPa), along with the self-cleaning and self-lubricating performance (0.700 coefficient) of the coating. Additionally, the fouling resistance to bovine serum albumin (BSA, 10.44 μg cm), bacteria (∼97.08 % and ∼ 98.05 % reduction for Pseudomonas sp. (P. sp.) and Shewanella sp. (S. sp.), respectively), and diatoms (∼27 cells mm) was further enhanced. Marine field tests conducted over 90 days revealed that the coatings were static fouling-resistant for an extended period. This study demonstrated a multifunctional, high-performance, and environmentally friendly nanocomposite polymer coating for preventing marine biofouling.
纳米复合聚合物涂层作为新一代的海洋防污涂层，因其无毒的化学成分和易于大规模采用而受到关注。纤维素纳米晶体（CN）在复合材料增强方面表现出巨大的潜力。在此，通过α,ω-双（3-（2-羟基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷（HTPDMS）对 CN 进行表面改性，得到二羟基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷接枝的 CN（HP-g-CN）。作为基础成分的胺封端 PDMS 依次与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、间苯二甲醛和二硫化碳反应，生成 PDMS 基聚（脲-硫脲-亚胺）（PDMS-PUTI）。随后，通过物理共混制备了复合材料（PDMS-PUTI/HP-g-CN）。本研究中，固有亚胺键和动态氢键网络赋予了涂层自修复性能，修复效率最高可达 89.2%。HP-g-CN 接枝非浸出性润滑剂 HTPDMS，提高了涂层的机械性能（极限强度为 1.38 MPa）和附着强度（2.43 MPa），同时还具有自清洁和自润滑性能（涂层的摩擦系数为 0.700）。此外，涂层对牛血清白蛋白（BSA，10.44μg cm）、细菌（假单胞菌（P. sp.）和希瓦氏菌（S. sp.）分别减少约 97.08%和 98.05%）和硅藻（约 27 个细胞 mm）的抗污能力也进一步提高。在海洋现场试验中，经过 90 天的试验，该涂层具有长期的抗静态污染能力。本研究展示了一种多功能、高性能、环保的纳米复合聚合物涂层，可用于防止海洋生物污损。
