Zhang Ting, Hu Yu-Zhu, Hu Hai-Hui, Lei Ting-Ting
School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Aba Teachers College, Aba 623002, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Aug 8;45(8):4709-4721. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202308212.
Analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution of urban land use and habitat quality can reveal the correlation between land use and habitat quality, aiding in rational urban land policies and high-quality ecological environment development. This study was based on land use transition matrices and an Intensity-Migration （IM） model to analyze the changes in land use in Harbin from 2000 to 2020. It combined the PLUS model to explore the driving factors of land use expansion for various land types and predicted land use scenarios for 2030 under natural development, ecological protection, farmland protection, and urban development scenarios. Finally, the InVEST model was used to complete the habitat quality analysis. The results indicated： ① The dominant land use types in Harbin were cropland, forest land, and grassland. From 2000 to 2020, there was a significant tendency of conversion into grassland, cropland, forest land, and artificial surfaces, with noticeable changes in land use intensity. Water bodies, bare land, and wetland types showed less conversion and tended to be restrictive. ② Elevation was the primary factor influencing the expansion of grassland, cropland, forest land, bare land, wetland, and water bodies. Socioeconomic factors were the main factor affecting the expansion of artificial surfaces. ③ Simulation of land use types in Harbin for 2030 under the four scenarios showed an increase in forest land area and a decrease in grassland area, with insignificant changes in wetland, water bodies, and bare land areas. Except for in the ecological protection scenario, the area of artificial surfaces increased, whereas cropland decreased. ④ Overall, habitat quality in Harbin improved from 2000 to 2020. ⑤ In 2030, the spatial pattern of habitat quality in Harbin remained consistent across all scenarios, showing an overall improvement in habitat quality. Under the ecological protection scenario, areas with low and medium habitat quality decreased, whereas areas with higher habitat quality increased, indicating a relatively significant improvement in habitat quality. The research results provide a scientific basis and insights for the development of ecological civilization and urban planning and construction in Harbin.
分析城市土地利用和栖息地质量的时空演变，能够揭示土地利用与栖息地质量之间的相关性，有助于制定合理的城市土地政策和推动高质量生态环境发展。本研究基于土地利用转移矩阵和强度-迁移（IM）模型，分析了2000年至2020年哈尔滨市土地利用的变化情况。结合PLUS模型，探究了各类土地利用扩张的驱动因素，并预测了自然发展、生态保护、农田保护和城市发展情景下2030年的土地利用情景。最后，利用InVEST模型完成栖息地质量分析。结果表明：①哈尔滨市主要土地利用类型为耕地、林地和草地。2000年至2020年，向草地、耕地、林地和人工表面转换的趋势显著，土地利用强度变化明显。水体、裸地和湿地类型的转换较少，且呈限制趋势。②海拔是影响草地、耕地、林地、裸地、湿地和水体扩张的主要因素。社会经济因素是影响人工表面扩张的主要因素。③四种情景下哈尔滨市2030年土地利用类型模拟显示，林地面积增加，草地面积减少，湿地、水体和裸地面积变化不显著。除生态保护情景外，人工表面面积增加，耕地面积减少。④总体而言，2000年至2020年哈尔滨市栖息地质量有所改善。⑤2030年，哈尔滨市栖息地质量的空间格局在所有情景下保持一致，栖息地质量总体呈改善趋势。在生态保护情景下，低、中栖息地质量区域减少，高栖息地质量区域增加，表明栖息地质量有较显著改善。研究结果为哈尔滨市生态文明建设及城市规划与建设提供了科学依据和参考。
