Song Yuan-Meng, Dong Li, Lu Meng-Qi, Zhao Bo, Wang Lin-Jing, Chen Hao-da, Gao Sai, Cui Jian-Sheng, Zhang Lu-Lu
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang 050037, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Aug 8;45(8):4904-4914. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202309066.
Microbial communities play an important role in water quality regulation and biogeochemical cycles in lakes, and their community structure and function are affected by environmental factors. Therein, antibiotics affect the abundance, diversity, composition, and function of microbial communities. In this study, Baiyangdian Lake was selected as the study area. Sediment samples of 16 sites were collected in August 2018 and April 2019, respectively. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） was used to determine the content of typical antibiotics-quinolones （QNs） in sediment. Through high-throughput sequencing technology, the structure and function of microbial communities was analyzed in the sediments to explore the spatiotemporal variation. Thereinto, redundancy analysis （RDA） was used to identify the key influencing factors of spatiotemporal variation of microbial communities. The results showed that： ① From August to April, the average （QNs） showed an increasing trend, and its mean value changed from 3.91 ng·g to 6.34 ng·g, with significant seasonal differences in oxolinic acid （OXO） and total QNs content （ < 0.05）. ② In terms of temporal variation, the dominant bacteria were Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria showed a decreasing trend, whereas Chloroflexi showed an increasing trend； at the genus level, the dominant bacteria genera in August were and , and the dominant bacteria genera in April were Acinetobacter and and the dominant bacteria genera had significant seasonal differences （ < 0.05）. ③ In terms of temporal variation, the index of Simpson, Chao, Ace, and OTU number all showed an increasing trend, and the seasonal differences were significant （ < 0.05）. ④ In terms of spatial variation, there were no significant spatial differences among functional genes of COG. In terms of temporal variation, there were significant seasonal differences in functional genes of energy production and conversion, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, transcription, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, and signal transduction mechanisms （ < 0.01 and < 0.05）. ⑤ Microbial community structure and functional genes were significantly correlated with QNs （ < 0.01 and < 0.05）, and QNs were the main influencing factors. Therefore, QNs were the main factor affecting the changes in microbial community structure and functional genes in sediments of Baiyangdian Lake. Thus, comprehensive control of antibiotic pollution in sediments should be further strengthened.
微生物群落对湖泊水质调节和生物地球化学循环具有重要作用，其群落结构和功能受环境因素影响。其中，抗生素会影响微生物群落的丰度、多样性、组成和功能。本研究选取白洋淀作为研究区域，分别于2018年8月和2019年4月采集了16个位点的沉积物样本。采用超高效液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（HPLC - MS/MS）测定沉积物中典型抗生素——喹诺酮类（QNs）的含量。通过高通量测序技术分析沉积物中微生物群落的结构和功能，以探究其时空变化。其中，利用冗余分析（RDA）确定微生物群落时空变化的关键影响因素。结果表明：①从8月到4月，QNs平均含量呈上升趋势，其均值从3.91 ng·g变为6.34 ng·g，恶喹酸（OXO）和总QNs含量存在显著季节差异（P < 0.05）。②在时间变化方面，优势菌为变形菌门和绿弯菌门。变形菌门的相对丰度呈下降趋势，而绿弯菌门呈上升趋势；在属水平上，8月的优势菌属为[此处原文缺失具体属名]和[此处原文缺失具体属名]，4月的优势菌属为不动杆菌属和[此处原文缺失具体属名]，优势菌属存在显著季节差异（P < 0.05）。③在时间变化方面，辛普森指数（Simpson）、Chao指数、Ace指数和OTU数量均呈上升趋势，季节差异显著（P < 0.05）。④在空间变化方面，COG功能基因之间无显著空间差异。在时间变化方面，能量产生和转化、碳水化合物运输和代谢、转录、细胞壁/膜/包膜生物合成以及信号转导机制等功能基因存在显著季节差异（P < 0.01和P < 0.05）。⑤微生物群落结构和功能基因与QNs显著相关（P < 0.01和P < 0.05），QNs是主要影响因素。因此，QNs是影响白洋淀沉积物中微生物群落结构和功能基因变化的主要因素。由此，应进一步加强沉积物中抗生素污染的综合防治。
