[Chinese expert consensus on the application of electrolytes in parenteral nutrition (2024 edition)].

As essential nutrients for human beings, electrolytes play a central role in nutritional and metabolic support treatment. To further standardize the use of electrolyte preparations in parenteral nutrition, the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care Clinical Nutrition Health Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association Nutritionist Professional Committee, Chinese Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and Chinese Nutrition Society Branch of Clinical Nutrition, invited authoritative experts in the fields of critical medicine, emergency medicine, internal medicine, surgery, and pharmacology in China to create this expert consensus. This consensus was based on the latest guidelines and evidence-based medicine at home and abroad, and combined with the actual clinical medical environment in China. This consensus covered the following topics: electrolytes monitoring during parenteral nutrition, risk assessment and nutritional treatment of refeeding syndrome, electrolytes supplementation during parenteral nutrition for various diseases (including severe diseases, heart failure, post-surgical short bowel syndrome, perioperative period, trauma, diabetic foot, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, neonates), and the compatibility principles of electrolyte preparations in parenteral nutrition. Finally, 13 clinical questions and 26 recommendations were proposed aiming at providing scientific, standardized, and practical guidance for the rational application of electrolytes in parenteral nutrition.