Zeynalzadeh Elham, Khodadadi Ehsan, Khodadadi Ehsaneh, Ahmadian Zainab, Kazeminava Fahimeh, Rasoulzadehzali Monireh, Samadi Kafil Hossein
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Drugs Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 2;10(15):e35562. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35562. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
The blood-brain interface poses formidable obstacles in addressing neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's, Multiple Sclerosis, brain cancers, and cerebrovascular accidents. Serving as a safeguard against potential threats in the blood, this barrier hinders direct drug delivery to affected cells, necessitating specialized transport mechanisms. Within the realm of nanotechnology, the creation of nanoscale carriers, including macromolecules such as polymers, lipids, and metallic nanoparticles, is gaining prominence. These carriers, tailored in diverse forms and sizes and enriched with specific functional groups for enhanced penetration and targeting, are capturing growing interest. This revised abstract explores the macromolecular dimension in understanding how nanoparticles interact with the blood-brain barrier. It re-evaluates the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier, highlighting macromolecular nanocarriers utilized in drug delivery to the brain. The discussion delves into the intricate pathways through which drugs navigate the blood-brain barrier, emphasizing the distinctive attributes of macromolecular nanocarriers. Additionally, it explores recent innovations in nanotechnology and unconventional approaches to drug delivery. Ultimately, the paper addresses the intricacies and considerations in developing macromolecular-based nanomedicines for the brain, aiming to advance the creation and evolution of nanomedicines for neurological ailments.
血脑屏障在应对诸如阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、脑癌和脑血管意外等神经疾病时构成了巨大障碍。作为抵御血液中潜在威胁的一道防线，这一屏障阻碍了药物直接输送到受影响的细胞，因此需要专门的转运机制。在纳米技术领域，纳米级载体的创建正日益受到关注，这些载体包括聚合物、脂质和金属纳米颗粒等大分子。这些载体具有多种形式和尺寸，并富含特定的官能团以增强穿透性和靶向性，因而越来越受到关注。这篇修订后的摘要探讨了大分子层面，以了解纳米颗粒如何与血脑屏障相互作用。它重新评估了血脑屏障的结构和功能，重点介绍了用于脑部药物递送的大分子纳米载体。讨论深入研究了药物穿越血脑屏障的复杂途径，强调了大分子纳米载体的独特属性。此外，它还探讨了纳米技术的最新创新以及药物递送的非常规方法。最终，本文阐述了开发基于大分子的脑纳米药物时的复杂性和注意事项，旨在推动用于神经疾病的纳米药物的创建和发展。
