Kumar Ankit, Khwairakpam Meena
School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug 22. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34756-y.
Vermifilter (VF) is considered sustainable for rural areas; however, filter media is the most important but has been explored less. This study evaluated the performance of vermifilters in treating domestic wastewater (DWW) using various filter media, including areca nutshell (AS), rice straw (RS), dry leaves (DL), and chicken eggshells (ES). We compared the results with four different reactors: R1 (AS), R2 (RS), R3 (DL), and R4 (ES). DWW was applied with a hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 1 m/m/d with Eisenia fetida earthworm species. The results showed the removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) by 82%, 76%, 73%, and 87%; chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 75%, 73%, 72%, and 88%; phosphate by 36%, 25%, 27%, and 50%; sulfate by 56%, 54%, 53%, and 71% in R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively. Simultaneously, R4 experienced a fivefold reduction in total bacteria and a sixfold reduction in total coliform. Moreover, the most exceptional filter media for vermifiltration is eggshells for the earthworm's growth and treatment efficacy.
蚯蚓滤池（VF）被认为适用于农村地区；然而，过滤介质是最重要的，但对其研究较少。本研究评估了蚯蚓滤池使用各种过滤介质（包括槟榔壳（AS）、稻草（RS）、干树叶（DL）和鸡蛋壳（ES））处理生活污水（DWW）的性能。我们将结果与四个不同的反应器进行了比较：R1（AS）、R2（RS）、R3（DL）和R4（ES）。以1 m/m/d的水力负荷率向装有赤子爱胜蚓的蚯蚓滤池中施加生活污水。结果表明，R1、R2、R3和R4中生化需氧量（BOD）的去除率分别为82%、76%、73%和87%；化学需氧量（COD）的去除率分别为75%、73%、72%和88%；磷酸盐的去除率分别为36%、25%、27%和50%；硫酸盐的去除率分别为56%、54%、53%和71%。同时，R4中的总细菌数量减少了五倍，总大肠菌群减少了六倍。此外，对于蚯蚓滤池来说，最出色的过滤介质是鸡蛋壳，因为它有利于蚯蚓生长并提高处理效果。
