Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024 Nov;34(11):2546-2554. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.003. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
Population-based studies suggest an inverse relationship between the dietary share of ultra-processed foods (UPF), as defined by NOVA classification, and the overall dietary nutritional quality. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of ultra-processed foods on the fatty acid profile of the diet. The aim of this study was to assess the association between consumption of UPF and the fatty acids profile of the diet in Portugal.
Cross-sectional data from IAN-AF 2015-2016 were used for this study. Food consumption data were collected through two 24-h food recalls, and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. For both adults and elderly, the contents of total fatty acids (TFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty (TRFA) were higher in the fraction of UPF, compared to the other three NOVA groups, while [monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)+, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/SFA] ratio was lower. The UPF population attributable fraction (PAF) demonstrated that if the dietary contribution of UPF was reduced to levels observed in the first quintile, statistically significant reductions in the prevalence of inadequate intakes of fatty acids would be observed for adults [TRFA (PAF 98.37%, 95% CI 87.27-99.79) and SFA (PAF 37.26%, 95% CI 25.46-47.19)] and for elderly [TRFA (PAF 94.61%, 95% CI 77.59-98.71) and PUFA (PAF 98.28, 95% CI 48.22-99.94)].
In this study the consumption of UPF was associated with a worse fatty acids profile in the Portuguese diet, adding evidence regarding the negative impact of UPF on diet quality.
基于人群的研究表明，超加工食品（UPF）在饮食中所占的比例与整体饮食营养质量呈反比，这是按照 NOVA 分类法定义的。然而，很少有研究评估超加工食品对饮食中脂肪酸分布的影响。本研究旨在评估葡萄牙 UPF 摄入量与饮食中脂肪酸分布的相关性。
本研究使用了 IAN-AF 2015-2016 的横断面数据。通过两次 24 小时食物回忆收集食物消费数据，根据 NOVA 系统对食物进行分类。对于成年人和老年人，与其他三个 NOVA 组相比，超加工食品组的总脂肪酸（TFA）、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和反式脂肪酸（TRFA）含量更高，而 [单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）+、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）/SFA] 的比值更低。超加工食品人群归因分数（PAF）表明，如果将 UPF 的饮食贡献减少到第一五分位数的水平，那么成年人 [TRFA（PAF 98.37%，95%CI 87.27-99.79）和 SFA（PAF 37.26%，95%CI 25.46-47.19）] 和老年人 [TRFA（PAF 94.61%，95%CI 77.59-98.71）和 PUFA（PAF 98.28，95%CI 48.22-99.94）] 中脂肪酸摄入不足的流行率将显著降低。
在这项研究中，超加工食品的消费与葡萄牙饮食中较差的脂肪酸分布有关，这为超加工食品对饮食质量的负面影响提供了更多证据。
