Steinmetz Carolin, Schnieder Marlena, Heinemann Stephanie, Linke Anne, von Arnim Christine A F
Klink für Geriatrie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland.
Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2024 Oct;57(6):442-446. doi: 10.1007/s00391-024-02337-w. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
There are currently 1.8 million people in Germany affected by dementia. Despite advances in research and new treatments, there is no cure for most cases of dementia. The evidence regarding the prevention of cognitive decline in old age is unclear. In addition to the optimized adjustment of drug treatment (e.g., arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus), preventive measures that can be influenced by individuals themselves play an important role. These include areas such as physical and cognitive activity, remedying hearing loss, sleep, social contacts, abstaining from alcohol as well as tobacco consumption and nutrition. Multimodal concepts and digital approaches appear to be promising and an increase in evidence is expected in the coming years.
目前，德国有180万人受痴呆症影响。尽管研究取得进展且有了新的治疗方法，但大多数痴呆症病例仍无法治愈。关于预防老年人认知能力下降的证据尚不明确。除了优化药物治疗（如动脉高血压和糖尿病）外，个人自身能够影响的预防措施也起着重要作用。这些措施包括身体和认知活动、纠正听力损失、睡眠、社交、戒酒以及戒烟和营养等方面。多模式概念和数字方法似乎很有前景，预计未来几年证据将会增加。
