老年膝关节骨关节炎患者单髁膝关节置换术的研究进展
[Research progress on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis].
作者信息
Huan Rui, Guan Shikun, Guo Shuxin, Liu Xuejian, Liu Ning
机构信息
Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China.
出版信息
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2024 Aug 15;38(8):1022-1026. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202403092.
OBJECTIVE
To conclude the research progress of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
METHODS
The literature on UKA at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed to summarize the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with KOA, perioperative management (including evaluating indications preoperatively, intraoperative prosthesis selection, postoperative complication management, ).
RESULTS
Through reasonable preoperative evaluation, prosthesis selection, and advanced perioperative management, for elderly patients with KOA who meet the indications, UKA can be considered. Compared with total knee arthroplasty, the incidence of postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing UKA is lower, joint awareness is reduced, functional improvement and satisfaction are higher. Meanwhile, choosing appropriate prostheses and fixation methods can lead to a good survival rate.
CONCLUSION
UKA can provide a safe and effective treatment option for elderly patients with KOA within a certain range of indications.
目的
总结单髁膝关节置换术（UKA）治疗老年膝关节骨关节炎（KOA）的研究进展。
方法
回顾近年来国内外关于UKA的文献，总结老年KOA患者的临床特点、围手术期管理（包括术前评估适应证、术中假体选择、术后并发症处理等）。
结果
通过合理的术前评估、假体选择及先进的围手术期管理，对于符合适应证的老年KOA患者，可考虑行UKA。与全膝关节置换术相比，行UKA的老年患者术后并发症发生率更低，关节感觉减退，功能改善及满意度更高。同时，选择合适的假体及固定方式可获得良好的生存率。
结论
在一定适应证范围内，UKA可为老年KOA患者提供安全有效的治疗选择。
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