Jiang Donghong, Lang XiaoE, Wang Dongmei, Zhang Xiang-Yang
School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Psychological Counselling Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 8;15:1424103. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1424103. eCollection 2024.
Suicide attempts and anxiety are common commodities in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and suicide attempts are often associated with anxiety symptoms. Studies have found gender differences in several aspects of MDD; however, gender differences in suicide attempts in young first-episode and drug-naive (FEDN) MDD patients with anxiety remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate potential gender differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and associated risk factors among young FEDN MDD patients with anxiety in a Chinese Han population.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1289 young patients with FEDN MDD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and biochemical parameters of patients were collected.
Suicide attempters accounted for 23.80% and 26.12% of male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety, respectively, with no significant gender differences. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that anxiety, clinical global impression severity, and thyroid peroxidase antibody significantly predicted suicide attempts in both male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety, while body mass index significantly predicted suicide attempts only in males, and psychotic symptoms predicted suicide attempts only in females.
The present study represents the first large-scale investigation of gender differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and related risk factors among young FEND MDD patients with anxiety in the Chinese Han population. The results indicate that risk factors associated with suicide attempts vary by gender among young FEND MDD patients with anxiety, although a comparable rate of suicide attempts was observed in both female and male patients.
自杀未遂和焦虑在重度抑郁症（MDD）患者中很常见，且自杀未遂往往与焦虑症状相关。研究发现MDD在多个方面存在性别差异；然而，首次发作且未使用过药物的年轻（FEDN）伴焦虑MDD患者自杀未遂的性别差异尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查中国汉族年轻FEDN伴焦虑MDD患者中自杀未遂发生率及相关危险因素的潜在性别差异。
对1289名年轻FEDN MDD患者进行了横断面研究。收集了患者的人口统计学、临床特征和生化参数。
在伴有焦虑的男性和女性FEDN MDD患者中，自杀未遂者分别占23.80%和26.12%，无显著性别差异。二元逻辑回归分析显示，焦虑、临床总体印象严重程度和甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体在伴有焦虑的男性和女性FEDN MDD患者中均显著预测自杀未遂，而体重指数仅在男性中显著预测自杀未遂，精神病性症状仅在女性中预测自杀未遂。
本研究是首次对中国汉族年轻FEND伴焦虑MDD患者自杀未遂发生率及相关危险因素的性别差异进行的大规模调查。结果表明，在伴有焦虑的年轻FEND MDD患者中，与自杀未遂相关的危险因素因性别而异，尽管在男性和女性患者中观察到的自杀未遂发生率相当。
