Unit III, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India.
Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, India.
Rheumatol Int. 2024 Nov;44(11):2505-2515. doi: 10.1007/s00296-024-05688-0. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
To look for the spectrum of infections and the factors predisposing to infection in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this retrospective study, demographic, clinical features, details of infections, immunosuppressive therapy, and outcomes of patients with SSc attending clinics at department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India from 1990 to 2022 were captured. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was applied to identify independent predictors of infection. Data of 880 patients, mean age 35.5 ± 12 years, and female: male ratio 7.7:1, were analyzed. One hundred and fifty-three patients had at least 1 infection with a total of 233 infectious episodes. Infections were most common in lung followed by skin and soft tissue. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 45 patients (29.4%). Klebsiella was the commonest non-tubercular organism in lung and Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections. In comparison to matched control group, patients with infection had a greater number of admissions due to active disease, odds ratio (OR) 6.27 (CI 3.23-12.18), were receiving immunosuppressive medication OR, 5.05 (CI 2.55-10.00), and had more digital ulcers OR, 2.53 (CI 1.17-5.45). Patients who had infection had more likelihood for death OR, 13.63 (CI 4.75 -39.18). Tuberculosis is the commonest infection and lung remains the major site of infection in patients with SSc. Number of hospital admissions, digital ulcers and immunosuppressive therapy are predictors of serious infection in patients with SSc. Patients with infections had more likelihood of death.
为了寻找系统性硬化症(SSc)患者感染的范围和易感染因素。在这项回顾性研究中,收集了 1990 年至 2022 年在印度勒克瑙 Sanjay Gandhi 研究生医学科学临床免疫学和风湿病系就诊的 SSc 患者的人口统计学、临床特征、感染细节、免疫抑制治疗和结局。采用多变量调整逻辑回归来确定感染的独立预测因素。分析了 880 名患者的数据,平均年龄为 35.5±12 岁,女性与男性的比例为 7.7:1。153 名患者至少有 1 次感染,共有 233 次感染发作。感染最常见于肺部,其次是皮肤和软组织。45 名患者(29.4%)被诊断为肺结核。肺部非结核分枝杆菌最常见的是克雷伯菌,尿路感染最常见的是大肠杆菌。与匹配的对照组相比,感染组因活动期疾病而住院的次数更多,比值比(OR)为 6.27(95%CI:3.23-12.18),接受免疫抑制药物的 OR 为 5.05(95%CI:2.55-10.00),且有更多的手指溃疡 OR 为 2.53(95%CI:1.17-5.45)。感染患者的死亡风险更高,OR 为 13.63(95%CI:4.75-39.18)。肺结核是最常见的感染,肺部仍然是 SSc 患者感染的主要部位。住院次数、手指溃疡和免疫抑制治疗是 SSc 患者严重感染的预测因素。感染患者的死亡风险更高。