Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Aug 24;51(1):935. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09854-2.
Rice blast is a major problem in agriculture, affecting rice production and threatening food security worldwide. This disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, has led to a lot of research since the discovery of the first resistance gene, pib, in 1999. Researchers have now identified more than 50 resistance genes on eight of the twelve chromosomes in rice, each targeting different strains of the pathogen.These genes are spread out across seventeen different loci. These genes, which primarily code for nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins, play an important part in the defense of rice against the pathogen, either alone or in combination with other genes. An important characteristic of these genes is the allelic or paralogous interactions that exist within these loci. These relationships contribute to the gene's increased capacity for evolutionary adaptation. The ability of resistance proteins to recognize and react to novel effectors is improved by the frequent occurrence of variations within the domains that are responsible for recognizing pathogen effectors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the progress that has been made in identifying these essential genes and to investigate the possibility of utilizing the allelic variants obtained from these genes in future rice breeding efforts to increase resistance to rice blast.
稻瘟病是农业中的一个主要问题，影响着全球的水稻生产和粮食安全。自 1999 年发现第一个抗性基因 pib 以来，这种由真菌稻瘟病菌引起的疾病引发了大量的研究。研究人员现已在水稻的 12 条染色体中的 8 条上鉴定出超过 50 个抗性基因，每个基因针对病原体的不同菌株。这些基因分布在十七个不同的基因座上。这些基因主要编码核苷酸结合和富含亮氨酸重复蛋白，在水稻对病原体的防御中发挥着重要作用，无论是单独作用还是与其他基因共同作用。这些基因的一个重要特征是在这些基因座内存在等位基因或旁系同源相互作用。这些关系有助于基因增加进化适应能力。抗性蛋白识别和对新效应子做出反应的能力通过负责识别病原体效应子的结构域内频繁发生的变异得到提高。本综述的目的是总结鉴定这些必需基因所取得的进展，并探讨利用从这些基因获得的等位变异在未来的水稻育种工作中提高对稻瘟病的抗性的可能性。
