CIQUP/Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal.
CIQUP/Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal.
Talanta. 2024 Dec 1;280:126729. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126729. Epub 2024 Aug 17.
Over the last decades, the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) attracted considerable attention of the scientific community due to their vast applications, such as extraction, catalysis, partition studies and sensing. The aim of this Review is to highlight the potential of electrochemistry at the ITIES for analytical purposes, focusing on ITIES-based sensors for detection and quantification of chemically and biologically relevant (bio)molecules. We start by addressing the evolution of ITIES in terms of number of publications over the years along with an overview of their main applications (Chapter 1). Then, we provide a general historical perspective about pioneer voltammetric studies at water/oil systems (Chapter 2). After that, we discuss the most impacting improvements on ITIES sensing systems from both perspectives, set-up design (interface stabilization and miniaturization, selection of the organic solvent, etc.) and optimization of experimental conditions to improve selectivity and sensitivity (Chapter 3). In Chapter 4, we discuss the analytical applications of ITIES for electrochemical sensing of several types of analytes, including drugs, pesticides, proteins, among others. Finally, we highlight the present achievements of ITIES as analytical tool and provide future challenges and perspectives for this technology (Chapter 5).
在过去的几十年中，由于其广泛的应用，例如萃取、催化、分配研究和传感，两种不混溶电解质溶液（ITIES）之间的界面引起了科学界的极大关注。本综述的目的是强调电化学在ITIES 分析中的潜力，重点介绍基于ITIES 的用于检测和定量化学和生物相关（生物）分子的传感器。我们首先讨论了随着时间的推移出版物数量的发展，以及它们的主要应用概述（第 1 章）。然后，我们提供了有关水/油系统先驱伏安研究的一般历史观点（第 2 章）。之后，我们从设置设计（界面稳定和小型化、有机溶剂选择等）和优化实验条件以提高选择性和灵敏度的角度讨论了ITIES 传感系统的最具影响力的改进（第 3 章）。在第 4 章中，我们讨论了ITIES 电化学传感在包括药物、农药、蛋白质等多种分析物的分析应用。最后，我们突出了ITIES 作为分析工具的现有成就，并为该技术提供了未来的挑战和展望（第 5 章）。
