Breen Melissa, Young Rena, Precht Helle, McEntee Mark
Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland.
Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Radiology, Kolding, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospitals of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Health Sciences Research Centre, Radiography education, UCL University College, Odense, Denmark.
J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2024 Dec;55(4):101738. doi: 10.1016/j.jmir.2024.101738. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
The utilisation of immobilisation or restraint during paediatric radiography is a multifactorial issue with associated legal and ethical considerations. Current practice regularly presents challenges for radiographers, with a notable absence of any professional best-practice guidance. This study investigated radiographers' perspectives in Ireland on the use of immobilisation or restraint methods and the factors influencing these choices and aimed to fill the 20-year gap in European radiographers' perspectives gaining an up-to-date understanding and contribute to the global conversation in this regard.
An anonymous online survey design was constructed using the Google Forms platform and distributed to hospital radiology departments across the Southern region of Ireland. Additionally, a short survey was send to the head of the nine radiology departments to audit the existing availability of immobilisation and/or restraint devices for paediatric radiography. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were undertaken. Bar charts were utilised where appropriate to display trends.
One hundered and three responses were received. The majority of radiographers reported using immobilisation (95 %) or restraint (89 %) techniques during paediatric radiography, although 70 % acknowledged the lack of training regarding restraint techniques. However, 93 % reported trying alternative techniques such as distraction and negotiation to avoid immobilisation or restraint. A desire for further guidance and training was reported, with 80 % of respondents noting training as essential or potentially beneficial.
Ambiguity remains surrounding the distinction between the terms "restraint" and "immobilisation" in paediatric radiography. Radiographers' use of restraint and immobilisation during paediatric radiography is influenced by the child's age, distress level, radiation protection and safety, and the ability of the child to understand instructions. Appropriate up-to-date guidelines and training would be recommended to clarify terminology and promote the safe practice of restraint and immobilisation during paediatric radiography.
在儿科放射检查中使用固定或约束是一个多因素问题，涉及相关的法律和伦理考量。当前的实践经常给放射技师带来挑战，明显缺乏任何专业的最佳实践指南。本研究调查了爱尔兰放射技师对使用固定或约束方法的看法以及影响这些选择的因素，旨在填补欧洲放射技师观点方面20年的空白，获得最新的理解，并为这方面的全球讨论做出贡献。
使用谷歌表单平台构建了一个匿名在线调查设计，并分发给爱尔兰南部地区的医院放射科。此外，还向九个放射科的负责人发送了一份简短的调查问卷，以审核儿科放射检查中固定和/或约束设备的现有可用性。进行了描述性统计（频率和百分比）。在适当的地方使用柱状图来显示趋势。
共收到103份回复。大多数放射技师报告在儿科放射检查中使用固定（95%）或约束（89%）技术，尽管70%的人承认缺乏关于约束技术的培训。然而，93%的人报告尝试过如分散注意力和协商等替代技术以避免固定或约束。报告称需要进一步的指导和培训，80%的受访者指出培训至关重要或可能有益。
儿科放射检查中“约束”和“固定”这两个术语之间的区别仍然不明确。放射技师在儿科放射检查中使用约束和固定受到儿童年龄、痛苦程度、辐射防护和安全以及儿童理解指令能力的影响。建议制定适当的最新指南和培训，以澄清术语并促进儿科放射检查中约束和固定的安全实践。
