Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 20;135:111129. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111129. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Alcohol is a harmful drug, and reducing its consumption is a significant challenge for users. Furthermore, alcohol dependence is often treatment-resistant, and no completely effective treatment model is available for chemical dependence. Classic psychedelics, such as LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca have been used in different clinical and pre-clinical trials, demonstrating promising pharmacotherapeutic effects in the treatment of treatment-resistant psychopathological conditions, such as addiction, especially related to alcohol dependence. In this work, we conducted a narrative review of the emerging research regarding the potential of psychedelics for alcohol use disorder treatment. Psychedelic substances have demonstrated potential for treating drug addiction, especially AUD, mostly by modulating neuroplasticity in the brain. Given that serotonergic psychedelics do not produce physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms with repeated use, they may be considered promising treatment options for managing drug use disorders. However, certain limitations could be found. Although many participants achieve positive results with only one treatment dose in clinical studies, great inter-individual variability exists in the duration of these effects. Therefore, further studies using different doses and experimental protocols should be conducted to enhance evidence about psychedelic substances.
酒精是一种有害药物,减少其使用量对使用者来说是一个巨大的挑战。此外,酒精依赖往往难以治疗,目前还没有针对化学依赖的完全有效的治疗模式。经典的迷幻剂,如 LSD、裸盖菇素和死藤水,已在不同的临床和临床前试验中使用,显示出在治疗治疗抵抗性精神病理状况,如成瘾,特别是与酒精依赖相关的成瘾方面具有有前景的药物治疗效果。在这项工作中,我们对迷幻剂治疗酒精使用障碍的新兴研究进行了叙述性综述。迷幻物质已被证明在治疗药物成瘾方面具有潜力,特别是 AUD,主要是通过调节大脑中的神经可塑性。鉴于血清素能迷幻剂在重复使用时不会产生身体依赖或戒断症状,因此它们可能被认为是管理药物使用障碍的有希望的治疗选择。然而,也存在一些局限性。尽管在临床研究中,许多参与者只用一剂治疗就能取得积极的效果,但这些效果的持续时间存在很大的个体差异。因此,应该进行更多使用不同剂量和实验方案的研究,以增强关于迷幻物质的证据。