公共卫生教育和培训中的战争与和平：范围综述。

War and peace in public health education and training: a scoping review.

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and International Public Health, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.

Research Institute Social Cohesion, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 24;24(1):2303. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19788-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-19788-w

PMID:39182022

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11344335/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Armed conflict and war are public health disasters. Public health action has a crucial role in conflict-related emergencies and rehabilitation but also in war prevention and peace promotion. Translating this into public health training and competencies has just started to emerge, especially in Europe.

METHODS

We conducted a Scoping Review to map and identify the role of public health education and training of public health workforce relating to the prevention of war and promoting peace, as reflected in the scientific literature. We searched in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science Core Collections as well as the reference list of included material in English, German and Polish. Focusing initially on the European region, we later expanded the search outside of Europe.

RESULTS

We included 7 publications from opinion pieces to an empirical assessment of curricula and training. The educational programs were predominantly short-term and extra-curricular in postgraduate courses addressing both public health professionals in conflict-affected countries as well as countries not directly affected by war. Publications focused on public health action in times of war, without specifying the context and type of war or armed conflict. Competencies taught focused on emergency response and multi-disciplinary collaboration during emergencies, frequently drawing on experience and examples from natural disaster and disease outbreak management.

CONCLUSIONS

The scientific discourse on competences in public health education for times of war and for the promotion of peace, predominately focuses on immediate emergency response actions. The prevention of war and the promotion of peace are missing foci, that need to feature more prominently in public health training. Public Health Education and training should ensure that war prevention and peace promotion, as well as public health action in times of war, are included in their competencies for public health professionals.

摘要

背景

武装冲突和战争是公共卫生灾难。公共卫生行动在与冲突相关的紧急情况和恢复中具有至关重要的作用，但在预防战争和促进和平方面也同样具有重要作用。将这一点转化为公共卫生培训和能力，刚刚开始出现，尤其是在欧洲。

方法

我们进行了范围综述，以绘制和确定公共卫生教育和培训公共卫生劳动力在预防战争和促进和平方面的作用，这反映在科学文献中。我们在 PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Embase、Web of Science Core Collections 以及英文、德文和波兰文的纳入文献的参考文献列表中进行了搜索。最初重点关注欧洲地区，后来我们将搜索范围扩大到欧洲以外地区。

结果

我们纳入了 7 篇出版物，从意见文章到课程和培训的实证评估。这些教育计划主要是短期的，是研究生课程的课外课程，涉及受冲突影响国家以及未直接受战争影响国家的公共卫生专业人员。出版物侧重于战争时期的公共卫生行动，没有具体说明战争或武装冲突的背景和类型。所教授的能力侧重于紧急情况下的应急响应和多学科合作，经常借鉴自然灾害和疾病爆发管理方面的经验和例子。