Department of Orthopaedics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.
Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.
J Biomech. 2024 Oct;175:112291. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112291. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Understanding the importance of movement asymmetries and variations in technique proficiency across different level of weightlifters is crucial. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in joint kinematics, muscle activation, and barbell parameters between elite and varsity weightlifters during the snatch utilizing integrated 3D motion capture and EMG systems. In addition, it analyzes symmetries in joint kinematics and muscle activation in both groups. Ten female participants, comprising 5 elite and 5 varsity weightlifters, along with thirteen male participants, consisting of 6 elite and 7 varsity weightlifters during snatch were measured. Several asymmetries in posture and muscle activation were identified in both elite and varsity weightlifters. In addition, elite weightlifters exhibited significantly more flexed knees than varsity counterparts (p < 0.05) at the conclusion of the second pull and at the highest position of the barbell. Furthermore, significantly lower activity in gluteus maximus was detected in elite weightlifter at the highest point of the barbell than in the varsity groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, elite males achieved a lower maximum height for the barbell compared to varsity males (p = 0.006). Furthermore, elite females demonstrated less horizontal displacement (D2x) (p = 0.005) than varsity counterparts. Varsity women presented significantly lower horizontal velocity (p = 0.003) at the conclusion of the second pull than varsity counterparts. Despite several asymmetries detected, those may not be critical factors in achieving a successful snatch lift, given that all weightlifters successfully completed the lift. However, variations in posture and muscle activation may still be associated with improvements in technique proficiency across different levels of weightlifters.
了解运动不对称性和技术熟练程度差异在不同举重水平运动员中的重要性至关重要。本研究的目的是利用集成的 3D 运动捕捉和肌电图系统检查优秀和校队举重运动员在抓举过程中关节运动学、肌肉激活和杠铃参数的差异。此外，它还分析了两组关节运动学和肌肉激活的对称性。共有 10 名女性参与者，包括 5 名优秀举重运动员和 5 名校队举重运动员，以及 13 名男性参与者，包括 6 名优秀举重运动员和 7 名校队举重运动员参加了抓举。在优秀和校队举重运动员中都发现了一些姿势和肌肉激活的不对称性。此外，优秀举重运动员在第二拉结束时和杠铃最高点时膝关节的弯曲程度明显大于校队运动员（p<0.05）。此外，在杠铃最高点，优秀举重运动员的臀大肌活动明显低于校队组（p<0.05）。此外，优秀男性的杠铃最大高度低于校队男性（p=0.006）。此外，优秀女性的水平位移（D2x）（p=0.005）小于校队女性。校队女性在第二拉结束时的水平速度明显低于校队女性（p=0.003）。尽管检测到了一些不对称性，但考虑到所有举重运动员都成功完成了举重，这些不对称性可能不是成功完成抓举的关键因素。然而，姿势和肌肉激活的变化仍可能与不同水平举重运动员技术熟练程度的提高有关。
