School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Australia; Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Australia.
Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Australia.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2024 Oct;204:112425. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112425. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
Presenting unpaired unconditional stimuli (US) during extinction training reduces the renewal of conditional fear due to context change and slows re-acquisition. The present study investigated whether this reduced return of fear is mediated by Pavlovian inhibitory conditioning to the conditional stimulus paired with the US during acquisition (CS+) that is acquired when this stimulus is presented without the US in an excitatory extinction context. Using an ABA renewal paradigm that trained extinction in a context different from acquisition and renewal test, participants either received no USs (Standard), five unsignalled US presentations (Unsignalled) or five presentations of the US preceded by a novel, third CS (Signalled) during extinction training. Extinction was followed by tests for renewal and re-acquisition. Replicating previous results, renewal of electrodermal conditional responses was observed in group Standard, but not in group Unsignalled. Signalling the additional USs, and thus reducing context conditioning and the potential for inhibitory conditioning, did not reduce their effect in that renewal was absent in group Signalled. These results are inconsistent with an inhibitory conditioning account of the effects of unpaired US presentations during extinction. A trial sequence learning account or an arousal account may explain the effects of unpaired presentations of the US during extinction.
在消退训练期间呈现未配对的无条件刺激 (US) 会由于上下文变化而减少条件恐惧的重现，并减缓重新获得。本研究调查了这种恐惧的减少是否是由在获得期间与 US 配对的条件刺激 (CS+) 的条件抑制性条件作用介导的，当这个刺激在兴奋性消退环境中没有 US 呈现时，就会获得这种刺激。使用 ABA 重现范式，该范式在与获得和重现测试不同的环境中进行消退训练，参与者在消退训练期间要么没有收到 US（标准组），要么收到五个未标记的 US（未标记组），要么收到五个 US 之前呈现一个新的、第三个 CS（标记组）。消退后进行了重现和重新获得的测试。重现皮肤电条件反应的结果与之前的结果一致，即在标准组中观察到了重现，但在未标记组中没有观察到。标记额外的 US，从而减少上下文条件作用和抑制性条件作用的可能性，并不能减少它们的作用，因为在标记组中没有重现。这些结果与消退期间呈现未配对 US 对抑制性条件作用的影响的抑制性条件作用解释不一致。试验序列学习解释或唤醒解释可能解释了消退期间呈现未配对 US 的影响。
