MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175736. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175736. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N '-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q) are ubiquitous in the environment and can cause toxicity to aquatic animals. However, research on the toxicological effects of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q on aquatic plants remains limited. The present study investigated the physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of the floating aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes (E. crassipes) to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 μg·L) of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q. We found that 6PPD and 6PPD-Q elicited minimal effects on plant growth, but 6PPD induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the content of photosynthetic pigments. Low doses (0.1 μg·L and 1 μg·L) of 6PPD-Q significantly elevated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) content in E. crassipes roots, indicating oxidative damage. Furthermore, 6PPD-Q induced a more pronounced osmotic stress compared to 6PPD. Metabolic analyses revealed that carbohydrates were significantly altered under 6PPD and 6PPD-Q treatments. The findings of this study enhance the understanding of the environmental risks posed by 6PPD and 6PPD-Q to plants and reveal the potential mechanisms of phytotoxicity.
N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N '-苯基-p-亚苯基二胺（6PPD）和 N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-p-亚苯基二胺-醌（6PPD-Q）在环境中普遍存在，可对水生动物造成毒性。然而，关于 6PPD 和 6PPD-Q 对水生植物的毒理学影响的研究仍然有限。本研究调查了环境相关浓度（0.1、1 和 10μg·L）的 6PPD 和 6PPD-Q 对漂浮水生植物凤眼蓝（Eichhornia crassipes）的生理、生化和代谢反应。我们发现 6PPD 和 6PPD-Q 对植物生长的影响很小，但 6PPD 诱导了光合色素含量的浓度依赖性下降。低剂量（0.1μg·L 和 1μg·L）的 6PPD-Q 显著增加了凤眼蓝根中的活性氧（ROS）含量，表明氧化损伤。此外，6PPD-Q 引起的渗透胁迫比 6PPD 更明显。代谢分析表明，碳水化合物在 6PPD 和 6PPD-Q 处理下发生了显著变化。本研究的结果增强了对 6PPD 和 6PPD-Q 对植物造成的环境风险的理解，并揭示了其潜在的植物毒性机制。
