State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct;278(Pt 4):135049. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135049. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is an emerging alpha-coronavirus that causes diarrhea in piglets and results in serious economic losses. During SADS-CoV infection, the spike protein (S) serves as a crucial structural component of the virion, interacting with receptors and eliciting the production of neutralizing antibodies. Due to the potential risk of zoonotic transmission of SADS-CoV, the identification and screening of epitopes on the S glycoproteins will be crucial for development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools. In this study, we immunized BALB/c mice with recombinant SADS-CoV S trimer protein and generated two S1-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): 8D6 and 6E9, which recognized different linear B-cell epitopes. The minimal fragment recognized by mAb 8D6 was mapped to NPDQRD, the minimal fragment recognized by mAb 6E9 was mapped to ARFVDRL. Homology analysis of the regions corresponding to 13 typical strains of different SADS-CoV subtypes showed high conservation of these two epitopes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the structure of the SADS-CoV S protein, which is valuable for vaccine design and holds potential for developing diagnostic methods to detect SADS-CoV.
猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒（SADS-CoV）是一种新兴的α冠状病毒，可引起仔猪腹泻，导致严重的经济损失。在 SADS-CoV 感染过程中，刺突蛋白（S）作为病毒粒子的关键结构成分，与受体相互作用并引发中和抗体的产生。由于 SADS-CoV 具有潜在的人畜共患病传播风险，因此鉴定和筛选 S 糖蛋白上的表位对于开发敏感和特异的诊断工具至关重要。在这项研究中，我们用重组 SADS-CoV S 三聚体蛋白免疫 BALB/c 小鼠，生成了两种 S1 特异性单克隆抗体（mAb）：8D6 和 6E9，它们识别不同的线性 B 细胞表位。mAb 8D6 识别的最小片段被定位到 NPDQRD，mAb 6E9 识别的最小片段被定位到 ARFVDRL。对 13 个不同 SADS-CoV 亚型的 13 个典型毒株相应区域的同源性分析表明，这两个表位具有高度保守性。这些发现有助于更深入地了解 SADS-CoV S 蛋白的结构，这对于疫苗设计具有重要价值，并有可能开发出用于检测 SADS-CoV 的诊断方法。
