Antunes Maria João Lobo, Ahlin Eileen M
Towson University, MD, USA.
Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2024 Aug 26:8862605241271373. doi: 10.1177/08862605241271373.
The effects of residential mobility on youth development outcomes related to violence and victimization have traditionally been understood from an outward mobility perspective. Less attention has been paid to predictors of intracity moves, a more common mobility practice. Research, however, should identify factors associated with intracity mobility before scholars can explore and fully understand the impacts of moving within the city on youth development outcomes such as violence and victimization and whether they are akin to those identified for moves beyond city limits. Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, we apply a multilevel ecological framework to assess neighborhood, family, and youth factors associated with intracity mobility. We employed hierarchical generalized linear modeling to examine within and between-neighborhood models of intracity mobility among youth and their families who moved within Chicago ( = 426) and those who did not ( = 867). Our investigation highlights as important factors family dynamics instability and aggression and violence at the neighborhood level. Findings show that parental divorce/separation, harsh disciplinary practices, negative school experiences such as racial/ethnic conflict, gangs, or heightened security measures, and exposure to violence predict intracity mobility. Critically, negative school experiences proved to be a robust determinant of moving as cross-level interactions suggest neighborhood crime significantly shapes how these experiences inform intracity mobility. This study emphasizes the importance of examining mobility beyond urban city limits, noting distinct predictors of intracity mobility across systemic levels. The findings fill a gap in our understanding of neighborhood turnover and stability, while also providing a foundation for exploring within and between-neighborhood differences in intracity mobility.
传统上，人们从向外迁移的角度来理解居住流动性对与暴力和受害相关的青少年发展结果的影响。对于城市内部迁移（一种更常见的迁移方式）的预测因素关注较少。然而，在学者们能够探索并充分理解城市内部迁移对青少年发展结果（如暴力和受害）的影响以及这些影响是否与城市范围外迁移的影响相似之前，研究应该先确定与城市内部迁移相关的因素。利用芝加哥邻里人类发展项目的数据，我们应用多层次生态框架来评估与城市内部迁移相关的邻里、家庭和青少年因素。我们采用分层广义线性模型来检验芝加哥市内迁移的青少年及其家庭（n = 426）和未迁移的青少年及其家庭（n = 867）在邻里内部和邻里之间的城市内部迁移模型。我们的调查突出了家庭动态不稳定以及邻里层面的攻击和暴力等重要因素。研究结果表明，父母离婚/分居、严厉的管教方式、负面的学校经历（如种族/民族冲突、帮派或加强的安全措施）以及接触暴力行为都可以预测城市内部迁移。至关重要的是，负面的学校经历被证明是迁移的一个有力决定因素，因为跨层次交互作用表明邻里犯罪显著影响这些经历如何影响城市内部迁移。这项研究强调了研究城市范围外迁移的重要性，指出了跨系统层面城市内部迁移的不同预测因素。这些发现填补了我们对邻里更替和稳定性理解上的空白，同时也为探索城市内部迁移中邻里内部和邻里之间的差异提供了基础。
