Lin Yanli, White Marne L, Wu Deanna, Viravan Natee, Braver Todd S
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2024 Jun 29;4(5):100357. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100357. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Mindfulness has long been theorized to benefit emotion regulation, but despite the ubiquity of the claim, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating how mindfulness modulates the neurophysiology of emotion processing. The current study aimed to fill this gap in knowledge by leveraging a novel research approach capable of discretizing mindfulness into distinct states of open monitoring (OM) and focused attention (FA) to distinguish their influence on multimodal subjective and objective measures of emotion processing.
Utilizing a fully within-participant picture viewing state induction protocol ( = 30), we compared the effects of OM and FA, rigorously contrasted against an active control, on the visually evoked late positive potential (LPP), a neural index of motivated attention. Bayesian mixed modeling was used to distinguish OM versus FA effects on the early and late sustained LPP while evaluating the influence of subjective arousal ratings as a within-participant moderator of the state inductions.
When negative picture trials were retrospectively rated as more subjectively arousing, the OM induction reduced the late sustained LPP response, whereas the FA induction enhanced the LPP.
Acute manipulation of OM and FA states may reduce and enhance motivated attention to aversive stimuli during conditions of high subjective arousal, respectively. Functional distinctions between different mindfulness states on emotion processing may be most dissociable after accounting for within-participant variability in how stimuli are appraised. These results support the future potential of the state induction protocol for parsing the neural affective mechanisms that underlie mindfulness training programs and interventions.
长期以来，正念被认为有益于情绪调节，但尽管这一说法普遍存在，却几乎没有实证证据表明正念如何调节情绪加工的神经生理学过程。当前的研究旨在通过采用一种新颖的研究方法来填补这一知识空白，该方法能够将正念离散为开放监测（OM）和专注注意力（FA）这两种不同状态，以区分它们对情绪加工的多模态主观和客观测量指标的影响。
利用一种完全在参与者内部的图片观看状态诱导方案（n = 30），我们比较了OM和FA的效果，并与积极对照组进行了严格对比，观察其对视觉诱发晚期正电位（LPP）的影响，LPP是动机性注意力的一种神经指标。贝叶斯混合模型用于区分OM和FA对早期和晚期持续LPP的影响，同时评估主观唤醒评分作为状态诱导的参与者内部调节因素的影响。
当负面图片试验在回顾时被评为更具主观唤醒性时，OM诱导降低了晚期持续LPP反应，而FA诱导增强了LPP。
在高主观唤醒状态下，急性操纵OM和FA状态可能分别减少和增强对厌恶刺激的动机性注意力。在考虑了参与者内部对刺激评估的变异性之后，但不同正念状态在情绪加工上的功能差异可能最容易区分。这些结果支持了状态诱导方案在解析正念训练计划和干预措施背后的神经情感机制方面的未来潜力。
