Ph.D. Programme in Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Clin Interv Aging. 2024 Aug 21;19:1445-1459. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S473730. eCollection 2024.
Two distinct symptom dimensions were identified in older adults who did not have major depressive disorder (MDD): a) a dimension associated with mild cognitive dysfunction, and b) a dimension related to distress symptoms of old age (DSOA). It is uncertain whether previous findings regarding the features of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) remain valid when patients with MDD are excluded.
To examine the neurocognitive features of aMCI (n = 61) versus controls (n=59) and the objective cognitive characteristics of DSOA in participants without MDD. Neurocognition was evaluated utilizing the Cambridge Neurological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and memory tests.
This research demonstrated that CANTAB tests may differentiate between aMCI and controls. The One Touch Stockings of Cambridge, probability solved on first choice (OTS_PSFC), Rapid Visual Information Processing, A prime (RVP_ A´), and the Motor Screening Task, mean latency, were identified as the significant discriminatory CANTAB tests. 37.6% of the variance in the severity of aMCI was predicted by OTS_PSFC, RVP_ A´, word list recognition scores, and education years. Psychosocial stressors (adverse childhood experiences, negative life events), subjective feelings of cognitive impairment, and RVP, the probability of false alarm, account for 40.0% of the DSOA score.
When MDD is ruled out, aMCI is linked to deficits in attention, executive functions, and memory. Psychosocial stressors did not have a statistically significant impact on aMCI or its severity. Enhanced false alarm response bias coupled with heightened psychological stress (including subjective perceptions of cognitive decline) may contribute to an increase in DSOA among older adults.
在没有重度抑郁症（MDD）的老年人中，确定了两个不同的症状维度：a）与轻度认知功能障碍相关的维度，和 b）与老年痛苦症状（DSOA）相关的维度。当排除 MDD 患者时，以前关于遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）特征的发现是否仍然有效尚不确定。
为了检查没有 MDD 的参与者中 aMCI（n=61）与对照组（n=59）的神经认知特征和 DSOA 的客观认知特征。利用剑桥神经认知测试自动化电池（CANTAB）和记忆测试评估神经认知。
本研究表明，CANTAB 测试可能区分 aMCI 和对照组。一项触摸式剑桥长袜测验（OTS_PSFC）、概率首次解决（OTS_PSFC）、快速视觉信息处理、A 启动（RVP_ A´）和运动筛选任务的平均潜伏期，被确定为有意义的 CANTAB 区分测试。OTS_PSFC、RVP_ A´、单词列表识别分数和受教育年限预测了 aMCI 严重程度的 37.6%。心理社会应激源（不良童年经历、负面生活事件）、主观认知障碍感和 RVP、假警报的概率，占 DSOA 分数的 40.0%。
当排除 MDD 时，aMCI 与注意力、执行功能和记忆缺陷相关。心理社会应激源对 aMCI 或其严重程度没有统计学上的显著影响。增强的虚假警报反应偏差加上更高的心理压力（包括对认知下降的主观感知）可能导致老年人 DSOA 的增加。
