Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Valisar Sleep Disorders Center, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
Sleep Breath. 2024 Dec;28(6):2693-2700. doi: 10.1007/s11325-024-03102-4. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
Sleep apnea (SA) and insomnia (INS) are prevalent sleep disorders among referrals to sleep clinics. People with comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) suffer both disorders simultaneously. The epidemiology of COMISA is not well known in the Middle East including Iran. We hypothesized that COMISA is prevalent in metropolitan sleep clinic cohorts in Iran.
The records of patients aged < 95 years referred to sleep disorders centers in four large metropolitan areas including Kermanshah, Tabriz, Shiraz, and Ahvaz were examined. Polysomnography (PSG) was performed in all these patients in specialized centers and the results were scored by a trained technician and interpreted by a sleep specialist. SA was defined as an Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI ≥ 5), INS was defined by psychiatrists according to self-report and clinical interviews, and COMISA was defined if both disorders were present. Participants with neither condition were included in as comparator group. One-way ANOVAs, correlation, and linear/logistic regression analyses were used.
This study included 1807 patients (Mean age 49.3, SE ± 13.7; 38.8% Female). Comparator, INS, SA and COMISA made up 7.2%, 16%, 50.2% and 26.6% of the sample, respectively. Logistic regression analyses showed that male gender, older age, and increasing neck circumference, but not BMI, were associated with COMISA. Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were lower in INS (5.39 ± 5.78) compared to the other three groups.
COMISA is a prevalent condition in metropolitan sleep centers in Iran among participants referred to sleep centers. The data showed that male gender and age were associated significantly with COMISA.
睡眠呼吸暂停（SA）和失眠（INS）是睡眠诊所转诊患者中常见的睡眠障碍。同时患有失眠和睡眠呼吸暂停（COMISA）的人同时患有这两种疾病。COMISA 在包括伊朗在内的中东地区的流行病学情况尚不清楚。我们假设 COMISA 在伊朗大都市睡眠诊所队列中较为普遍。
检查了来自四个大城市（包括克尔曼沙阿、大不里士、设拉子和阿瓦兹）的睡眠障碍中心转诊的年龄<95 岁的患者记录。所有这些患者都在专门的中心进行了多导睡眠图（PSG）检查，由经过培训的技术人员对结果进行评分，并由睡眠专家进行解释。SA 定义为呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI≥5），INS 根据自我报告和临床访谈由精神科医生定义，如果同时存在两种疾病，则定义为 COMISA。没有这两种疾病的参与者被纳入对照组。采用单因素方差分析、相关性和线性/逻辑回归分析。
这项研究包括 1807 名患者（平均年龄 49.3，SE±13.7；38.8%女性）。对照组、INS、SA 和 COMISA 分别占样本的 7.2%、16%、50.2%和 26.6%。逻辑回归分析显示，男性、年龄较大以及颈围增加（但 BMI 不增加）与 COMISA 相关。INS 的 Epworth 嗜睡量表评分（5.39±5.78）低于其他三组。
在伊朗大都市睡眠中心，COMISA 是转诊至睡眠中心的参与者中一种普遍存在的疾病。数据显示，男性和年龄与 COMISA 显著相关。
