University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Semin Immunopathol. 2024 Aug 26;46(5):13. doi: 10.1007/s00281-024-01022-9.
Skin scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or smallpox (Vaccinia) vaccination is an established marker of successful vaccination and 'vaccine take'. Potent pathogen-specific (tuberculosis; smallpox) and pathogen-agnostic (protection from diseases unrelated to the intentionally targeted pathogen) effects of BCG and smallpox vaccines hold significant translational potential. Yet despite their use for centuries, how scar formation occurs and how local skin-based events relate to systemic effects that allow these two vaccines to deliver powerful health promoting effects has not yet been determined. We review here what is known about the events occurring in the skin and place this knowledge in the context of the overall impact of these two vaccines on human health with a particular focus on maternal-child health.
卡介苗（BCG）或天花（牛痘）疫苗接种后的皮肤瘢痕形成是成功接种和“疫苗接种”的既定标志。卡介苗和天花疫苗具有强大的针对病原体（结核分枝杆菌；天花）和非病原体（预防与有意靶向病原体无关的疾病）的效应，具有重要的转化潜力。然而，尽管这两种疫苗已经使用了几个世纪，但瘢痕形成的发生机制以及局部皮肤事件与允许这两种疫苗发挥强大促进健康作用的全身效应之间的关系尚未确定。在这里，我们回顾了已知的皮肤发生事件，并将这些知识置于这两种疫苗对人类健康的整体影响的背景下，特别关注母婴健康。
