Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Geomatic Engineering Department, Konya Technical University, Ardıçlı Neighborhood, Rauf Orbay Road 42250, Selçuklu, Konya, Turkey.
Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(40):53348-53368. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34664-1. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
Turkey is the leading producer of pine honey worldwide, accounting for 90% of global production, largely due to the presence of Marchalina hellenica populations. However, in recent years, devastating forest fires have caused substantial damage to Pinus brutia forests and M. hellenica populations, leading to a dramatic decline in pine honey production areas. The urgency for early intervention procedures against forest fires and relocation of M. hellenica populations to other P. brutia forests has become apparent. A comprehensive assessment of 25 criteria was conducted to investigate the thresholds and behaviors of each criterion, which play a vital role in the distribution of M. hellenica, using the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). To evaluate the impact of forest fires on the distribution of M. hellenica, the potential locations of pine honey production areas were determined for 2022. Furthermore, the susceptibility of forest fires was modeled for all pine honey production months. The findings revealed that forest fires have destroyed 384.9 km (12.8% of the total pine honey production area), predominantly in August and September, with the most severe damage in Marmaris (156 km) and significant impacts in Ula, Köyceğiz, and Milas. The analysis facilitates the estimation of new areas suitable for M. hellenica and pine honey production while providing valuable insights into strategies for mitigating forest fires and formulating proactive protection protocols.
土耳其是世界上松脂蜂蜜的主要生产国，占全球产量的 90%，这主要归因于 Marchalina hellenica 种群的存在。然而，近年来，毁灭性的森林火灾对 Pinus brutia 森林和 M. hellenica 种群造成了巨大破坏，导致松脂蜂蜜生产区急剧减少。显然，需要采取早期干预措施来防止森林火灾，并将 M. hellenica 种群迁移到其他 P. brutia 森林。使用最大熵模型（MaxEnt）对 25 个标准进行了全面评估，以调查每个标准的阈值和行为，这些标准在 M. hellenica 的分布中起着至关重要的作用。为了评估森林火灾对 M. hellenica 分布的影响，确定了 2022 年松脂蜂蜜生产区的潜在位置。此外，还对所有松脂蜂蜜生产月份的森林火灾易感性进行了建模。研究结果表明，森林火灾已经摧毁了 384.9 公里（占总松脂蜂蜜生产区的 12.8%），主要发生在 8 月和 9 月，其中马尔马里斯（156 公里）受灾最严重，乌莱、科伊切吉兹和米拉什也受到了重大影响。该分析有助于估计适合 M. hellenica 和松脂蜂蜜生产的新区域，并为减轻森林火灾和制定主动保护协议提供有价值的见解。
