Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
Division of Primary Care Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Aug 1;7(8):e2429696. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.29696.
Postelimination outbreaks threaten nearly a quarter century of measles elimination in the US. Understanding these dynamics is essential for maintaining the nation's measles elimination status.
To examine the demographic characteristics and transmission dynamics of the 2022 to 2023 central Ohio measles outbreak.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used electronic medical records and publicly available measles reports within an extensive central Ohio primary care network involving inpatient and outpatient settings. Participants included 90 children in Ohio with confirmed measles cases in 2022.
The exposure of interest was confirmed measles cases in Ohio in 2022. This included 5 internationally imported cases and 85 locally acquired cases.
The primary outcome involved documenting and analyzing confirmed measles cases in Ohio in 2022, focusing on demographic characteristics, immunization status, and transmission links in outbreak-related cases.
This study analyzed 90 measles cases (47 [52.2%] male participants) in Ohio during 2022. Most participants self-identified as African or American Black (72 [80.0%]), with additional race categories including Asian, Hispanic, multirace (6 [6.7%]), White, and unknown (6 [6.7%]). Most participants were of Somali descent (64 [71.1%]), with additional ethnicity categories including American (16 [17.8%]), Guatemalan, Nepali, and unknown (6 [6.7%]). Participants were predominantly younger than 6 years (86 [95.5%]), unimmunized (89 [98.9%]), and resided in Franklin County, Ohio (83 [92.2%]). Prior to November 20, 2022, all cases occurred among unimmunized children of Somali descent in the Columbus area. Nosocomial superspreading events expanded the outbreak beyond the initially affected community.
This cross-sectional study of measles cases in Ohio during 2022 found that the outbreak primarily affected unimmunized children of Somali descent, highlighting the necessity for culturally tailored public health strategies to maintain measles elimination in the US. These findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted interventions and enhancing community engagement to increase vaccination rates.
消除麻疹后爆发，威胁到美国近四分之一个世纪的麻疹消除成果。了解这些动态对于维护国家麻疹消除状态至关重要。
研究 2022 年至 2023 年俄亥俄州中部麻疹爆发的人口统计学特征和传播动态。
设计、地点和参与者：这项横断面研究使用电子病历和俄亥俄州中部广泛的初级保健网络内的公开麻疹报告，包括住院和门诊环境。参与者包括俄亥俄州 90 名确诊麻疹病例的儿童。
感兴趣的暴露是 2022 年俄亥俄州的确诊麻疹病例，包括 5 例国际输入病例和 85 例本地获得病例。
主要结果是记录和分析 2022 年俄亥俄州的确诊麻疹病例，重点关注暴发相关病例的人口统计学特征、免疫状况和传播联系。
这项研究分析了 2022 年俄亥俄州的 90 例麻疹病例（47 例男性参与者）。大多数参与者自我认定为非洲裔或美国黑人（72 例，80.0%），其他种族类别包括亚洲人、西班牙裔、多种族（6 例，6.7%）、白人，和未知（6 例，6.7%）。大多数参与者是索马里裔（64 例，71.1%），其他民族类别包括美国人（16 例，17.8%）、危地马拉人、尼泊尔人和未知（6 例，6.7%）。参与者主要年龄小于 6 岁（86 例，95.5%），未免疫（89 例，98.9%），居住在俄亥俄州富兰克林县（83 例，92.2%）。2022 年 11 月 20 日之前，所有病例均发生在哥伦布地区未免疫的索马里裔儿童中。医院内超级传播事件使疫情蔓延到最初受影响的社区之外。
这项对俄亥俄州 2022 年麻疹病例的横断面研究发现，疫情主要影响未免疫的索马里裔儿童，突出了制定文化适宜的公共卫生策略以维持美国麻疹消除的必要性。这些发现强调了实施针对性干预措施和加强社区参与以提高疫苗接种率的重要性。
