Guo Panjing, Zhang Xiajing, Xu Haoran, Wang Ruiqin, Li Yumin, Xu Chengshuo, Yang Yu, Zhang Linlin, Adams Roger, Han Jia, Lyu Jie
Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Aug 12;12:1431988. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1431988. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to investigate the plantar biomechanics of healthy young males as they descend a single transition step from varying heights.
Thirty healthy young males participated the experiment using the F-scan insole plantar pressure system in which participants made single transition steps descent from four step heights (5, 15, 25, and 35 cm), leading with their dominant or non-dominant foot. Plantar pressure data were collected for 5 s during the period between landing touchdown and standing on the ground. Landing at each step height was repeated three times, with a five-minute rest between different height trials.
At 5 cm and 15 cm steps, participants demonstrated a rearfoot landing strategy on both sides. However, forefoot contact was observed at heights of 25 cm and 35 cm. Parameters related to center of plantar pressure (COP) of the leading foot were significantly larger compared to the trailing foot ( < 0.001), increased with higher step heights. Vertical ground reaction forces for the biped, leading and trailing feet decreased with increasing step height (all < 0.05). The leading foot had a higher proportion of overall and forefoot loads, and a lower proportion of rearfoot load compared to the trailing foot ( < 0.001). The overall load on the dominant side was lower than that on the non-dominant side for both the leading and trailing feet ( < 0.001). For the trailing foot, forefoot load on the dominant side was lower than that on the non-dominant side, however, the opposite result appeared in rearfoot load ( < 0.001). Upon the leading foot landing, forefoot load exceeded the rearfoot load for the dominant ( < 0.001) and non-dominant sides ( < 0.001). Upon the trailing foot landing, forefoot load was lower than the rearfoot load for the dominant ( < 0.001) and non-dominant sides ( = 0.019).
When the characteristics of biomechanical stability are compromised by step height, landing foot, and footedness factors - due to altered foot landing strategies, changing COP, or uneven force distribution - ability to control motion efficiently and respond adaptively to the forces experienced during movement is challenged, increasing the likelihood of loss of dynamic balance, with a consequent increased risk of ankle sprains and falls.
本研究旨在调查健康年轻男性从不同高度下台阶时的足底生物力学情况。
30名健康年轻男性参与了使用F-scan鞋垫足底压力系统的实验，参与者分别用优势脚或非优势脚从四个台阶高度（5厘米、15厘米、25厘米和35厘米）下单个台阶。在着地 touchdown 到站立在地面的时间段内收集5秒的足底压力数据。每个台阶高度的着地过程重复三次，不同高度试验之间休息5分钟。
在5厘米和15厘米的台阶上，参与者两侧均表现出后足着地策略。然而，在25厘米和35厘米的高度观察到前足接触。与后足相比，优势脚的足底压力中心（COP）相关参数显著更大（<0.001），且随着台阶高度增加而增大。双足、优势脚和非优势脚的垂直地面反作用力随着台阶高度增加而减小（均<0.05）。与后足相比，优势脚在前足和总负荷中所占比例更高，后足负荷所占比例更低（<0.001）。优势侧的总负荷在优势脚和非优势脚中均低于非优势侧（<0.001）。对于非优势脚，优势侧的前足负荷低于非优势侧，然而，后足负荷则相反（<0.001）。在优势脚着地时，优势侧（<0.001）和非优势侧（<0.001）的前足负荷超过后足负荷。在非优势脚着地时，优势侧（<0.001）和非优势侧（=0.019）的前足负荷低于后足负荷。
当生物力学稳定性特征因台阶高度、着地脚和足偏好因素而受到损害时——由于着地策略改变、COP变化或力分布不均——有效控制运动以及对运动中所受力量进行适应性反应的能力受到挑战，增加了动态平衡丧失的可能性，从而增加了脚踝扭伤和跌倒的风险。
