Zhejiang-Japan Joint Laboratory for Antibacterial and Antifouling Technology, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Zhejiang-Japan Joint Laboratory for Antibacterial and Antifouling Technology, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2024 Nov;243:114168. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114168. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Microalgal biomass has shown inspiring potential for the heavy metal removal from wastewater, and forming microalgal biofilm is one of the sustainable methods for the microalgal biomass production. Here we report the formation of microalgal biofilm by accelerated colonization of typical algae Chlorella on thermal sprayed aluminum (Al) coatings with biologically modified surfaces. Micro-patterning surface treatment of the Al coatings promotes the attachment of Chlorella from 6.31 % to 17.51 %. Further enhanced algae attachment is achieved through liquid flame spraying a bioactive crushed oyster shell-hydroxyapatite (CaCO-HA) composite top layer on the micropatterned coating, reaching 46.03-49.62 % of Chlorella attachment ratio after soaking in Chlorella suspension for 5 days. The rapidly formed microalgal biofilm shows an adsorption ratio of 95.43 % and 85.23 % for low concentration Zn and Cu in artificial seawater respectively within 3 days. Quick interaction has been realized between heavy metal ions and the negatively-charged extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix existing in the biofilm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicate that both carboxyl and phosphoryl groups of biofilms are crucial in the adsorption of Cu and the adsorption of Zn is due to the hydroxyl and phosphate groups. Meanwhile, the biofilm could act as a barrier to protect Chlorella against the attack of the heavy metal ions with relatively low concentrations in aqueous solution. The route of quick cultivating microalgal biofilm on marine structures through constructing biological layer on their surfaces would give insight into developing new techniques for removing low concentration heavy metal ions from water for environmental bioremediation.
微藻生物质在去除废水中重金属方面显示出了令人鼓舞的潜力，而形成微藻生物膜是生产微藻生物质的可持续方法之一。在这里，我们报告了通过典型藻类小球藻在具有生物改性表面的热喷涂铝 (Al) 涂层上的加速定殖来形成微藻生物膜。Al 涂层的微图案表面处理促进了小球藻的附着，从 6.31%增加到 17.51%。通过在微图案涂层上喷涂一层具有生物活性的碎牡蛎壳-羟基磷灰石 (CaCO-HA) 复合材料的顶层，进一步增强了藻类的附着，在小球藻悬浮液中浸泡 5 天后，小球藻的附着率达到 46.03-49.62%。快速形成的微藻生物膜在 3 天内对人工海水中低浓度 Zn 和 Cu 分别表现出 95.43%和 85.23%的吸附率。重金属离子与生物膜中存在的带负电荷的胞外聚合物物质 (EPS) 基质之间已经实现了快速相互作用。傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 结果表明，生物膜中的羧基和磷酸基对于 Cu 的吸附至关重要，而 Zn 的吸附则归因于羟基和磷酸基。同时，生物膜可以作为屏障，防止小球藻受到水溶液中低浓度重金属离子的攻击。通过在海洋结构物表面构建生物层快速培养微藻生物膜的方法为开发从水中去除低浓度重金属离子的新技术提供了思路，以进行环境生物修复。
