Lomelí Martínez Sarah Monserrat, Cortés Trujillo Irán, Martínez Nieto Melissa, Mercado González Ana Esther
Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico.
Master of Public Health, Department of Wellbeing and Sustainable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Mexico.
World J Diabetes. 2024 Aug 15;15(8):1672-1676. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i8.1672.
The global increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications presents significant challenges to public health. Recently, per-iodontal disease (PD) was recognized as a factor that is likely to influence the progression of T2DM and its complications due to its potential to exacerbate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. In this editorial, we comment on the article published by Thazhe Poyil in the very recent issue of the in 2024, which investigated the correlation between PD and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in T2DM patients, with emphasis on the association between periodontal swollen surface area, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipoprotein (a). The findings by Thazhe Poyil are significant as they demonstrate a strong link between PD and DR in T2DM patients. This correlation highlights the importance of addressing periodontal health in diabetes management to potentially reduce the risk and severity of DR, a complication of diabetes. The integration of periodontal evaluation and treatment into diabetes care protocols may lead to improved glycemic control and better overall outcomes for T2DM patients . A few studies have established an interconnection between PD and diabetic complication, specifically DR, in T2DM patients, which we aim to highlight in this editorial. Emphasis was placed on the different mechanisms that suggest a bidirectional relationship between PD and T2DM, where the presence of periodontal inflammation negatively influenced glycemic control and contributed to the development and progression of DR through shared inflammatory and vascular mechanisms. This article highlights the importance of collaboration amongst diabetes specialists, ophthalmologists, periodontists, and public health professionals to advance the prevention, early detection, and treatment of PD and DR. This will improve the health and quality of life of T2DM patients. Moreover, the editorial highlights the need for further research on the specific molecular and immunological mechanisms that underlie the link between periodontitis and DR, with identification of common inflammatory biomarkers and signaling pathways. This is expected to facilitate effective direction of therapeutic objectives, thereby improving the management of diabetes and its complications through integrated care that incorporates oral health.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）患病率在全球范围内的上升及其并发症给公共卫生带来了重大挑战。最近，牙周疾病（PD）被认为是一个可能影响T2DM进展及其并发症的因素，因为它有可能加剧全身炎症和氧化应激。在这篇社论中，我们对Thazhe Poyil于2024年最新一期发表的文章进行评论，该文章研究了T2DM患者中PD与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）之间的相关性，重点关注牙周肿胀表面积、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和脂蛋白（a）之间的关联。Thazhe Poyil的研究结果意义重大，因为它们证明了T2DM患者中PD与DR之间存在紧密联系。这种相关性凸显了在糖尿病管理中关注牙周健康对于潜在降低DR风险和严重程度的重要性，DR是糖尿病的一种并发症。将牙周评估和治疗纳入糖尿病护理方案可能会改善T2DM患者的血糖控制并带来更好的整体预后。一些研究已经在T2DM患者中建立了PD与糖尿病并发症（特别是DR）之间的联系，我们旨在在这篇社论中予以强调。重点阐述了不同机制，这些机制表明PD与T2DM之间存在双向关系），其中牙周炎症的存在对血糖控制产生负面影响，并通过共同的炎症和血管机制促成DR的发生和发展。本文强调了糖尿病专家、眼科医生、牙周病医生和公共卫生专业人员之间合作对于推进PD和DR的预防、早期检测和治疗的重要性。这将改善T2DM患者的健康状况和生活质量。此外该社论强调需要对牙周炎与DR之间联系的具体分子和免疫机制进行进一步研究，识别常见的炎症生物标志物和信号通路。这有望促进治疗目标的有效导向，从而通过纳入口腔健康的综合护理改善糖尿病及其并发症的管理。
