Carpentier Joachim, Abenaim Linda, Luttenschlager Hugo, Dessauvages Kenza, Liu Yangyang, Samoah Prince, Francis Frédéric, Caparros Megido Rudy
Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage Des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Insects. 2024 Aug 13;15(8):611. doi: 10.3390/insects15080611.
The interest in edible insects' mass rearing has grown considerably in recent years, thereby highlighting the challenges of domesticating new animal species. Insects are being considered for use in the management of organic by-products from the agro-industry, synthetic by-products from the plastics industry including particular detoxification processes. The processes depend on the insect's digestive system which is based on two components: an enzymatic intrinsic cargo to the insect species and another extrinsic cargo provided by the microbial community colonizing-associated with the insect host. Advances have been made in the identification of the origin of the digestive functions observed in the midgut. It is now evident that the community of microorganisms can adapt, improve, and extend the insect's ability to digest and detoxify its food. Nevertheless, edible insect species such as and are surprisingly autonomous, and no obligatory symbiosis with a microorganism has yet been uncovered for digestion. Conversely, the intestinal microbiota of a given species can take on different forms, which are largely influenced by the host's environment and diet. This flexibility offers the potential for the development of novel associations between insects and microorganisms, which could result in the creation of synergies that would optimize or expand value chains for agro-industrial by-products, as well as for contaminants.
近年来，人们对食用昆虫大规模养殖的兴趣显著增加，这凸显了驯化新动物物种所面临的挑战。昆虫正被考虑用于处理农业产业的有机副产品、塑料行业的合成副产品，包括特定的解毒过程。这些过程取决于昆虫的消化系统，该系统基于两个组成部分：昆虫物种固有的酶类物质，以及与昆虫宿主相关联的微生物群落提供的另一种外部物质。在确定中肠中观察到的消化功能的起源方面已经取得了进展。现在很明显，微生物群落可以适应、改善并扩展昆虫消化和解毒食物的能力。然而，诸如 和 等食用昆虫物种具有惊人的自主性，尚未发现消化过程中与微生物存在 obligatory symbiosis（此处原文可能有误，推测可能是“必需共生”之类的意思）。相反，特定物种的肠道微生物群可以呈现不同形式，这在很大程度上受宿主环境和饮食的影响。这种灵活性为昆虫与微生物之间发展新型关联提供了潜力，这可能会产生协同效应，从而优化或扩展农业产业副产品以及污染物的价值链。
