Larchet M, Duhamel J F, Delmas P, Ravasse P, Marette J L, Bureau F
Ann Gastroenterol Hepatol (Paris). 1985 Jan;21(1):45-50.
Prolonged parenteral nutrition is an indispensable technique in a number of gastro-intestinal and non-gastro-intestinal indications in the field of paediatrics. The catheter should be placed in the superior vena cava either percutaneously or surgically. The maintenance of the infusion line, the dressings and the monitoring of the child should be conducted by a specialised nursing team. The carbohydrate and protein nutrients are prepared in the pharmacy and should be adapted daily. The complexity of this technique requires a close collaboration between physicians, surgeons, pharmacists and biochemists. The iatrogenic and metabolic complications may be multiple and severe, but can be reduced to a minimum by a rigorous methodology.
长期肠外营养是儿科领域许多胃肠道和非胃肠道适应症中不可或缺的技术。导管应通过经皮或手术方式置于上腔静脉。输液管路的维护、敷料更换以及患儿监测应由专业护理团队进行。碳水化合物和蛋白质营养素在药房配制，且应每日调整。该技术的复杂性要求医生、外科医生、药剂师和生物化学家密切协作。医源性和代谢性并发症可能多种多样且严重，但通过严格的方法可将其降至最低。
