Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 28;19(8):e0305395. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305395. eCollection 2024.
Previous studies have identified racial-ethnic disparities in modifiable risk factors for cancers. However, the impact of US nativity on these risks is understudied. Hence, we assessed the association between US nativity and length of time in the US on modifiable cancer risk factors. Utilizing the 2010 and 2015 National Health Interview Survey datasets, we analyzed 8,861 US-born and non-US-born adults. Key variables included age, sex, race-ethnicity, education, income, diet, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics and regression. Most respondents were US-born (n = 7,370), followed by long-term (≥15 years, n = 928), and recent (<15 years, n = 563) immigrants. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was higher among US-born individuals (342.45 minutes/week), compared to recent (249.74 minutes/week) and long-term immigrants (255.19 minutes/week). Recent immigrants consumed more fruits (1.37 cups/day) and long-term immigrants more vegetables (1.78 cups/day) than US-born individuals. Multivariate analyses found recent immigrants had lower odds of consuming alcohol (AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21-0.50) and smoking (AOR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.46), and higher odds of meeting fruit consumption guidelines (AOR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.76-4.45) compared to US-born individuals. Long-term immigrants had lower odds of alcohol consumption (AOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37-0.84) and smoking (AOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.30-0.59), and higher odds for meeting fruit (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.22-2.86) and fiber (AOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.02-4.05) consumption guidelines. Our findings illustrate the importance of considering the impact nativity and length of US residency has on health. Our findings underscore the need for culturally tailored public health strategies.
先前的研究已经确定了癌症可改变风险因素方面的种族和民族差异。然而，美国出生对这些风险的影响尚未得到充分研究。因此，我们评估了美国出生和在美国的时间长短对可改变的癌症风险因素的关联。利用 2010 年和 2015 年全国健康访谈调查数据集，我们分析了 8861 名美国出生和非美国出生的成年人。关键变量包括年龄、性别、种族和民族、教育、收入、饮食、体重指数、身体活动、饮酒和吸烟。统计方法包括描述性统计和回归。大多数受访者为美国出生（n=7370），其次是长期（≥15 年，n=928）和近期（<15 年，n=563）移民。与近期（249.74 分钟/周）和长期移民（255.19 分钟/周）相比，美国出生的个体进行更多的中等至剧烈身体活动（342.45 分钟/周）。近期移民每天食用更多的水果（1.37 杯/天），而长期移民每天食用更多的蔬菜（1.78 杯/天）。多变量分析发现，近期移民饮酒的可能性较低（AOR：0.33，95%CI：0.21-0.50）和吸烟的可能性较低（AOR：0.30，95%CI：0.19-0.46），并且更有可能符合水果食用指南（AOR：2.80，95%CI：1.76-4.45）。与美国出生的个体相比，长期移民饮酒的可能性较低（AOR：0.56，95%CI：0.37-0.84）和吸烟的可能性较低（AOR：0.42，95%CI：0.30-0.59），并且更有可能符合水果（AOR：1.87，95%CI：1.22-2.86）和纤维（AOR：2.03，95%CI：1.02-4.05）的食用指南。我们的研究结果说明了考虑出生和在美国居住时间长短对健康的影响的重要性。我们的研究结果强调了需要制定文化适应的公共卫生策略。
