Zelachowski Kendra A, Collins Stephanie, Henderson Marty, Auckland Lisa D, Lim Sukjung, Jeffery Nicholas D, Hamer Sarah A, Saunders Ashley B
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
2Vet Epic, Jourdanton, TX.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Aug 28;263(2):217-226. doi: 10.2460/javma.24.05.0328. Print 2025 Feb 1.
To describe associations between cardiac abnormalities and Trypanosoma cruzi serostatus by use of a simplified diagnostic evaluation in dogs at risk for T cruzi infection.
A prospective, cross-sectional study was performed using a simplified diagnostic evaluation including high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, 30-second ECG, and echocardiogram with 7 variables in 46 client-owned dogs from high-risk environments. Dogs were categorized as serologically positive (SP), negative (SN), or discordant (SD) by use of 2 antibody tests. Functional evaluation of cardiac health scores and blood PCR were obtained.
Dogs were SP (n = 19), SN (17), and SD (10), with 9 PCR positive (7 SP, 1 SN, 1 SD). Troponin was above reference range in 6 of 46 (4 SP, 1 SN, 1 SD), and functional evaluation of cardiac health scores were 0 in all dogs. Conduction system abnormalities (prolonged interval durations, second-degree atrioventricular block, splintered QRS complex) and ventricular arrhythmias were documented in 8 (7 SP, 0 SN, 1 SD). Twenty-six (12 SP, 8 SN, 6 SD) had echocardiographic abnormalities, most often myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and left ventricular enlargement. Seropositive dogs were significantly older and had a higher likelihood of MMVD. Conduction system abnormalities were associated with positive serostatus.
Echocardiographic abnormalities were complicated by MMVD and did not distinguish between serostatus. An ECG with assessment and detailed measurement of complexes and cardiac troponin I are simple tests to perform with abnormalities detected in seroreactive dogs.
Electrocardiographic abnormalities in high-risk or seroreactive dogs should prompt further evaluation and monitoring of T cruzi infection.
通过对有感染克氏锥虫风险的犬只进行简化诊断评估，描述心脏异常与克氏锥虫血清学状态之间的关联。
采用简化诊断评估进行一项前瞻性横断面研究，该评估包括高敏心肌肌钙蛋白I、30秒心电图以及对来自高风险环境的46只客户拥有犬只进行的包含7项变量的超声心动图检查。通过两项抗体检测将犬只分类为血清学阳性（SP）、阴性（SN）或不一致（SD）。获得心脏健康评分的功能评估和血液聚合酶链反应（PCR）结果。
犬只为SP（n = 19）、SN（17）和SD（10），9只PCR呈阳性（7只SP、1只SN、1只SD）。46只中有6只（4只SP、1只SN、1只SD）肌钙蛋白高于参考范围，所有犬只的心脏健康评分功能评估均为0。记录到8只（7只SP、0只SN、1只SD）存在传导系统异常（间期延长、二度房室传导阻滞、碎裂QRS波群）和室性心律失常。26只（12只SP、8只SN、6只SD）有超声心动图异常，最常见的是黏液瘤样二尖瓣疾病（MMVD）和左心室扩大。血清学阳性犬只年龄显著更大，患MMVD的可能性更高。传导系统异常与血清学阳性状态相关。
超声心动图异常因MMVD而复杂化，无法区分血清学状态。对复合波进行评估和详细测量的心电图以及心肌肌钙蛋白I是对血清反应性犬只检测到异常时进行的简单检查。
高风险或血清反应性犬只的心电图异常应促使对克氏锥虫感染进行进一步评估和监测。
