Zhou Xiang, Li Chongying, He Zongze, Liu Hongwei, Wang Man, He Jian
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 12;14(16):2323. doi: 10.3390/ani14162323.
This study was conducted to evaluate associations of blood variables and urine variables with different residual feed intakes (RFIs) in growing Chuanzang black (CB) pigs. A total of 228 growing CB boars from 99 days were used. The same basal diet was offered ad libitum and individual feed intake and body weight were measured over a period of 181 d. The CB pigs were categorized based on their residual feed intake values, with six individuals each from the high and low ends selected and divided into two groups: the low residual feed intake group (LS) and the high residual feed intake group (HS). Serum and urine samples were collected at the end of the experiment for determination of metabolomics profiling. Results showed that there were significantly different metabolites in serum and urine of different RFI groups (fold-change, FC > 2.0 or FC < 0.5, and < 0.05), and 21 metabolites were identified in serum and 61 in urine. Cluster analysis showed that 20 metabolites were up-regulated and one metabolite was down-regulated in serum; 44 metabolites were up-regulated and 17 metabolites were down-regulated in urine. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the differential metabolites of serum were enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, and the differential metabolites of urine were enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. The correlations between serum metabolites and urine metabolites indicated a significant positive correlation between all fatty acyls in serum metabolites and L-glutamate in urine. However, no compelling genetic or blood biomarkers have been found to explain the differences in RFI, suggesting multiple approaches to effective feed use in pigs. This study provides new insights into the subsequent assessment of RFI by metabolomics profiling, as well as the development of novel feed additives for the factors that will facilitate future research directions in CB pigs.
本研究旨在评估生长阶段的藏猪血液变量和尿液变量与不同剩余采食量（RFI）之间的关联。共选用了228头99日龄的生长阶段藏猪公猪。提供相同的基础日粮，自由采食，并在181天的时间内测量个体采食量和体重。根据藏猪的剩余采食量值进行分类，从高、低两端各选取6头个体，分为两组：低剩余采食量组（LS）和高剩余采食量组（HS）。在实验结束时采集血清和尿液样本，用于代谢组学分析。结果表明，不同RFI组的血清和尿液中存在显著差异的代谢物（变化倍数，FC>2.0或FC<0.5，且P<0.05），血清中鉴定出21种代谢物，尿液中鉴定出61种代谢物。聚类分析表明，血清中有20种代谢物上调，1种代谢物下调；尿液中有44种代谢物上调，17种代谢物下调。京都基因与基因组百科全书分析表明，血清中的差异代谢物富集于亚油酸代谢，尿液中的差异代谢物富集于类固醇激素生物合成、牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢以及初级胆汁酸生物合成。血清代谢物与尿液代谢物之间的相关性表明，血清代谢物中的所有脂肪酰基与尿液中的L-谷氨酸之间存在显著正相关。然而，尚未发现有说服力的遗传或血液生物标志物来解释RFI的差异，这表明猪有效利用饲料的方法有多种。本研究为通过代谢组学分析对RFI进行后续评估以及开发新型饲料添加剂提供了新的见解，这些因素将有助于藏猪未来的研究方向。
