Toomer Ondulla T, Oviedo-Rondón Edgar Orlando, Ali Muhammad, Joseph Michael, Vu Thien, Fallen Ben, Mian Rouf
Food Science & Market Quality & Handling Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service-United States Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 15;14(16):2366. doi: 10.3390/ani14162366.
On a global scale, the poultry industry expands its wings in terms of meat and egg production to the masses. However, this industry itself requires a sustainable and permanent supply of different inputs, one of which is poultry feed and nutrition. Soybean is a versatile protein that is offered to poultry in different inclusion rates in commercial diets after being processed using various thermal and mechanical processing methods. Conventional commercial soybean meal is usually prepared by the extraction of oil from whole soybeans using solvents, producing a meal that has approximately 1% crude fat. Without oil extraction, full-fat soybean (FFSBM) is produced, and it is an excellent source of dietary energy and protein for poultry with a nutritional profile of 38-40% protein and 18-20% crude fat, on average. FFSBM has less crude protein (CP) than solvent-extracted soybean meal (SE SBM) but higher metabolizable energy due to higher fat content. Alternatively, extruded expeller processing produces defatted soybean meal containing approximately 6-7% crude fat. Studies have demonstrated that FFSBM can be used in poultry diets to improve poultry nutrition, performance, and quality of the poultry meat and eggs produced. This review aims to evaluate the nutrition and use of meals prepared from conventional and high-oleic soybeans using various feed processing methods.
在全球范围内,家禽产业在肉类和蛋类生产方面向大众张开了翅膀。然而,该产业本身需要可持续且稳定的各种投入供应,其中之一就是家禽饲料和营养。大豆是一种用途广泛的蛋白质,在经过各种热力和机械加工方法处理后,以不同的添加比例用于家禽的商业日粮中。传统的商业豆粕通常是通过用溶剂从整粒大豆中提取油脂来制备的,得到的豆粕粗脂肪含量约为1%。不进行油脂提取就会生产出全脂大豆(FFSBM),它是家禽日粮能量和蛋白质的优质来源,平均营养成分是蛋白质含量38 - 40%,粗脂肪含量18 - 20%。全脂大豆的粗蛋白(CP)含量低于溶剂浸出豆粕(SE SBM),但由于脂肪含量较高,其代谢能更高。另外,挤压膨化加工会生产出粗脂肪含量约为6 - 7%的脱脂豆粕。研究表明,全脂大豆可用于家禽日粮,以改善家禽营养、生产性能以及所产禽肉和禽蛋的品质。本综述旨在评估使用各种饲料加工方法由传统大豆和高油酸大豆制备的豆粕的营养及应用情况。