Sopeña-Pinilla Maria, Orduna-Hospital Elvira, Diaz-Barreda Maria D, Boned-Murillo Ana, Fernandez-Espinosa Guisela, Arias-Alvarez Marta, Acha-Perez Javier, Sanchez-Cano Ana, Pinilla Isabel
Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 6;12(8):1780. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081780.
To study retinal and choriocapillaris (CC) alterations using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in long-term type 1 diabetic (DM1) patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR). Seventy-eight eyes from 78 well-controlled DM1 patients diagnosed at least 15 years prior and 130 eyes of 130 healthy subjects were included in a cross-sectional descriptive study. Six eyes were excluded from the DM1 group. OCTA with Deep Range Imaging (DRI)-Triton swept source (SS)-OCT was performed. Statistically significant differences were found in all areas of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), with lower values in DM1 patients. Differences were noted in all quadrants of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) except for the central area. Significant changes in CC blood flow were only found in the center. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and diameters in the SCP were significantly different, while the DCP FAZ area was similar in both groups. Disease duration and microalbuminuria correlated negatively with some SCP areas and positively with FAZ values. Anatomical evaluation revealed microaneurysms in both plexuses, FAZ modifications, and areas lacking blood perfusion. Long-term type 1 diabetic patients without DR display microvascular abnormalities affecting retinal and CC blood perfusion, along with anatomical changes in retinal blood vessels.
在无糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的长期1型糖尿病（DM1）患者中，使用光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）研究视网膜和脉络膜毛细血管（CC）的改变。一项横断面描述性研究纳入了78例至少在15年前被诊断为病情控制良好的DM1患者的78只眼，以及130名健康受试者的130只眼。DM1组排除了6只眼。采用具有深度范围成像（DRI）的Triton扫频源（SS）-OCT进行OCTA检查。在浅表毛细血管丛（SCP）的所有区域均发现有统计学意义的差异，DM1患者的值较低。除中心区域外，在深层毛细血管丛（DCP）的所有象限均发现有差异。仅在中心区域发现CC血流有显著变化。SCP中的黄斑无血管区（FAZ）面积和直径有显著差异，而两组的DCP FAZ面积相似。病程和微量白蛋白尿与一些SCP区域呈负相关，与FAZ值呈正相关。解剖学评估显示两个毛细血管丛均有微动脉瘤、FAZ改变以及无血灌注区域。无DR的长期1型糖尿病患者表现出影响视网膜和CC血流灌注的微血管异常，以及视网膜血管的解剖学改变。
