Ruiz-Aracil María Celeste, Valverde Juan Miguel, Ilea Mihaela Iasmina Madalina, Valero Daniel, Castillo Salvador, Guillén Fabián
Postharvest Research Group of Fruit and Vegetables, CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
Foods. 2024 Aug 7;13(16):2485. doi: 10.3390/foods13162485.
Avocado ( Mill.) is a subtropical climacteric fruit with a limited shelf life due to its high sensitivity to low temperatures. Chilling injury (CI) produced by cold storage displays symptoms in avocado fruit such as irregular ripening, darkening of the mesocarp, hardening of vascular strands, lipid oxidation with "off flavors", and pitting and darkening of the skin, increasing weight loss. Accordingly, we studied the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) alone or in combination as postharvest treatments to maintain quality and to increase cold tolerance. Hass avocados were stored at 5 °C plus 5 days at room temperature. The results showed that the combined treatment improved fruit quality parameters as compared with control fruit and with those treated with only 1-MCP or GABA. The combined treatment delayed synergistically the postharvest ripening process. This delayed pattern was concomitant with a delayed ethylene pattern in GABA + 1-MCP or 1-MCP fruit batches. CI symptoms and electrolyte leakage were minimized in all GABA and 1-MCP fruit batches specifically in the combined treatment. For this reason, the synergistic effect of the combination of treatments may be recommended as an effective alternative strategy to prolong the postharvest quality of avocado during refrigerated storage.
鳄梨（Persea americana Mill.）是一种亚热带跃变型果实，由于其对低温高度敏感，货架期有限。冷藏产生的冷害（CI）在鳄梨果实上表现出诸如成熟不规则、中果皮变黑、维管束硬化、产生“异味”的脂质氧化以及果皮出现麻点和变黑等症状，导致重量损失增加。因此，我们研究了单独或组合使用γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）作为采后处理来保持品质和提高耐寒性的效果。哈斯鳄梨在5℃下贮藏，然后在室温下贮藏5天。结果表明，与对照果实以及仅用1-MCP或GABA处理的果实相比，组合处理改善了果实品质参数。组合处理协同延迟了采后成熟过程。这种延迟模式与GABA + 1-MCP或1-MCP果实批次中乙烯模式的延迟相一致。在所有GABA和1-MCP果实批次中，特别是组合处理中，冷害症状和电解质渗漏降至最低。因此，组合处理的协同效应可作为延长鳄梨冷藏贮藏采后品质的有效替代策略推荐使用。
