Division of Caring Sciences, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden.
Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jul 23;21(8):960. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21080960.
Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) changed during the COVID-19 pandemic; hence, this study examined PA and SB at four time points between December 2019 and December 2022. The participants' PA decreased during the pandemic and did not recover afterwards. Among women, PA increased slightly in 2022 but not at all in men. From 2019 to 2020, SB increased and then decreased to near the pre-pandemic level in both sexes. Regarding age, PA decreased in the oldest age group (65-79 years) across all time points, while SB increased in all age groups during 2019-2020 and then returned close to pre-pandemic levels among the two middle age groups (30-64 years), but not among the youngest and oldest groups. Considering occupation, PA decreased from 2020 to December 2022 among retired and "other" participants, while SB decreased among nonmanual workers and retired participants. The regression models associated better self-reported health, male sex, and those born overseas with higher PA. Higher age, better self-reported health, poor education, and later survey time points were associated with lower SB. These findings highlight the need to return PA and SB to at least pre-pandemic levels and that subgroups may need different interventions.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）发生了变化；因此，本研究在 2019 年 12 月至 2022 年 12 月期间的四个时间点检查了 PA 和 SB。参与者的 PA 在大流行期间下降，此后并未恢复。在女性中，PA 在 2022 年略有增加，但在男性中则完全没有增加。从 2019 年到 2020 年，SB 增加，然后在两性中都减少到接近大流行前的水平。关于年龄，PA 在所有时间点都在最年长的年龄组（65-79 岁）中下降，而在 2019-2020 年期间，SB 在所有年龄组中增加，然后在两个中年组（30-64 岁）中接近大流行前的水平，但在最年轻和最年长的年龄组中则不然。考虑到职业，从 2020 年到 2022 年 12 月，退休和“其他”参与者的 PA 下降，而非体力劳动者和退休参与者的 SB 下降。与更好的自我报告健康、男性性别和海外出生相关的回归模型与更高的 PA 相关。更高的年龄、更好的自我报告健康、较差的教育程度和较晚的调查时间点与较低的 SB 相关。这些发现强调需要将 PA 和 SB 恢复到大流行前的水平，并且可能需要对不同的亚组进行不同的干预。
