Imayama Ikuyo, Eccles Jacob D, Ascoli Christian, Kudlaty Elizabeth, Park Gye Young
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
StatCare, Knoxville, TN 37919, USA.
J Clin Med. 2024 Aug 15;13(16):4801. doi: 10.3390/jcm13164801.
Obesity is a known risk factor for asthma development, progression, and exacerbation. Nevertheless, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms explaining how obesity contributes to the development and progression of asthma have yet to be established. Here, we review human studies examining the associations between asthma and obesity, focusing on the literature from the past 10 years. Overall, current evidence suggests that while both asthma and obesity are complex diseases with significant heterogeneity, they both share various features of chronic inflammation. Furthermore, the interactions between asthma and obesity likely involve allergen-specific T helper type 2 (type 2) immune responses, as well as diverse non-type 2 inflammatory pathways. However, despite considerable progress, studies to date have not definitively elucidated the mechanisms that account for the observed association. A large-scale population-based study combined with translational immunological research, including targeted asthma therapies and pharmacological weight loss therapies, may be required to properly dissect the details of obesity-related asthma pathophysiology.
肥胖是哮喘发生、发展和加重的已知风险因素。然而，解释肥胖如何导致哮喘发生和发展的潜在病理生理机制尚未明确。在此，我们回顾了研究哮喘与肥胖之间关联的人体研究，重点关注过去10年的文献。总体而言，目前的证据表明，虽然哮喘和肥胖都是具有显著异质性的复杂疾病，但它们都具有慢性炎症的各种特征。此外，哮喘与肥胖之间的相互作用可能涉及过敏原特异性2型辅助性T细胞（Th2）免疫反应以及多种非2型炎症途径。然而，尽管取得了相当大的进展，但迄今为止的研究尚未明确阐明导致所观察到的关联的机制。可能需要开展大规模的基于人群的研究，并结合转化免疫学研究，包括针对性的哮喘治疗和药物减肥治疗，以准确剖析肥胖相关哮喘病理生理学的细节。
