García-Sanchoyerto Maddalen, Salgueiro Monika, Ortega Javiera, Rodríguez Alicia Aurora, Parada-Fernández Pamela, Amayra Imanol
Neuro-e-Motion Research Team, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain.
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Aug 9;12(16):1582. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12161582.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease of autoimmune etiology and chronic evolution. In addition to the muscle weakness and fatigue that characterize MG, in some studies patients show an inferior performance in cognitive tasks and difficulties in recognizing basic emotions from facial expressions. However, it remains unclear if these difficulties are due to anxious-depressive symptoms that these patients present or related to cognitive abilities, such as facial recognition. This study had a descriptive cross-sectional design with a sample of 92 participants, 52 patients with MG and 40 healthy controls. The data collection protocol included measures to assess recognition of facial expressions (BRFT), facial emotional expression (FEEL), and levels of anxiety and depression (HADS). The MG group had worse performance than the control group in recognizing "fear" ( = 0.001; = 0.344), "happiness" ( = 0.000; = 0.580), "disgust" ( = 0.000; = 0.399), "surprise" ( = 0.000; = 0.602), and "anger" ( = 0.007; = 0.284). Likewise, the MG group also underperformed in facial recognition ( = 0.001; = 0.338). These difficulties were not related to their levels of anxiety and depression. Alterations were observed both in the recognition of facial emotions and in facial recognition, without being mediated by emotional variables. These difficulties can influence the interpersonal interaction of patients with MG.
重症肌无力（MG）是一种自身免疫病因和慢性进展的神经肌肉疾病。除了MG特有的肌肉无力和疲劳外，一些研究表明患者在认知任务中的表现较差，并且在从面部表情识别基本情绪方面存在困难。然而，这些困难是由于这些患者出现的焦虑抑郁症状还是与认知能力（如面部识别）有关仍不清楚。本研究采用描述性横断面设计，样本包括92名参与者，52名MG患者和40名健康对照。数据收集方案包括评估面部表情识别（BRFT）、面部情绪表达（FEEL）以及焦虑和抑郁水平（HADS）的测量。MG组在识别“恐惧”（=0.001；=0.344）、“快乐”（=0.000；=0.580）、“厌恶”（=0.000；=0.399）、“惊讶”（=0.000；=0.602）和“愤怒”（=0.007；=0.284）方面的表现比对照组差。同样，MG组在面部识别方面也表现不佳（=0.001；=0.338）。这些困难与他们的焦虑和抑郁水平无关。在面部情绪识别和面部识别方面均观察到改变，且不受情绪变量的介导。这些困难会影响MG患者的人际互动。
