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日本神经发育障碍儿童的运动技能、职业表现与心理健康之间的关联:一项横断面相关性研究。

Association between Motor Skills, Occupational Performance, and Mental Health in Japanese Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study.

作者信息

Yasunaga Masanori, Miyaguchi Hideki, Ishizuki Chinami, Kita Yosuke, Nakai Akio

机构信息

Health and Counseling Center, Campus Life Health Support and Consultation Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.

Department of Human Behavior Science of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.

出版信息

Children (Basel). 2024 Jul 26;11(8):899. doi: 10.3390/children11080899.

Abstract

Motor skills have been linked to executive functions (EFs) in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). However, the traits of other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, remain overlooked. Therefore, this study explored the association between motor skills, occupational performance, and mental health in older kindergarten children with DCD and other NDDs. Overall, 95 participants aged 5-6 years were included in this study and divided into four groups: DCD traits (DCD-t), DCD-t + NDD traits (DCD-t + NDD-t), NDD-t-only, and typically developing children. Motor skills, EFs, and mental health were assessed using the DCD Questionnaire (DCDQ-J) and Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition, School Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (S-AMPS), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), respectively. The DCD-t + NDD-t group exhibited a strong correlation between the S-AMPS motor skill score and the DCDQ-J fine motor skill score ( = 0.88, < 0.001) and between the total DCDQ-J score and the SDQ Total Difficulties Score ( = -0.94, < 0.001). The findings indicate that children with DCD-t and NDD-t are more likely to experience EF and mental health problems than those with DCD-t only.

摘要

运动技能已与发育性协调障碍(DCD)儿童的执行功能(EFs)相关联。然而,其他神经发育障碍(NDDs)的特征,如注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍,仍然被忽视。因此,本研究探讨了患有DCD和其他NDDs的大龄幼儿园儿童的运动技能、职业表现和心理健康之间的关联。总体而言,本研究纳入了95名5至6岁的参与者,并将其分为四组:DCD特征组(DCD-t)、DCD特征+NDD特征组(DCD-t + NDD-t)、仅NDD特征组和发育正常儿童组。分别使用DCD问卷(DCDQ-J)、儿童运动评估量表第二版、运动与过程技能学校评估量表(S-AMPS)以及长处与困难问卷(SDQ)对运动技能、EFs和心理健康进行评估。DCD-t + NDD-t组在S-AMPS运动技能得分与DCDQ-J精细运动技能得分之间(= 0.88,< 0.001)以及DCDQ-J总分与SDQ总困难得分之间(= -0.94,< 0.001)呈现出很强的相关性。研究结果表明,与仅患有DCD-t的儿童相比,患有DCD-t和NDD-t的儿童更有可能出现EF和心理健康问题。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2dd0/11353002/fb43714bf37f/children-11-00899-g001.jpg

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