Moore Shane, Gopichandran Keerthana, Sevier Elizabeth, Gamare Siddhika, Almuntashiri Sultan, Ramírez Gustavo, Regino Nora, Jiménez-Alvarez Luis, Cruz-Lagunas Alfredo, Rodriguez-Reyna Tatiana S, Zuñiga Joaquin, Owen Caroline A, Wang Xiaoyun, Zhang Duo
Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Aug 8;14(16):1720. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14161720.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and H1N1 viruses are inflammatory lung pathogens that can lead to acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ALI/ARDS are still life-threatening diseases in critically ill patients with 30-40% mortality in the last decade. Currently, there are no laboratory tests for the early diagnosis or prognosis of ALI/ARDS. Club cell secretory protein (CC16) has been investigated as a potential biomarker of lung epithelial damage in various lung diseases. In this study, we evaluated whether plasma CC16 reflects the severity of COVID-19 and H1N1 infections. The plasma CC16 levels showed no significant differences between H1N1 and COVID-19 groups ( = 0.09). Among all subjects, CC16 levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors ( = 0.001). Upon the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) analysis, CC16 had an acceptable value to distinguish survivors and non-survivors ( = 0.002). In the COVID-19 group, plasma CC16 levels moderately correlated with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score (r = 0.374, = 0.003) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (r = 0.474, < 0.001). In the H1N1 group, a positive correlation was observed between the CC16 levels and hospital length of stay (r = 0.311, = 0.022). Among all the patients, weak correlations between plasma CC16 levels with the SOFA score (r = 0.328, < 0.001) and hospital length of stay (r = 0.310, < 0.001) were observed. Thus, circulating CC16 might reflect the severity of COVID-19 and H1N1 infections.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和H1N1病毒是可导致急性肺损伤（ALI）和急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的炎症性肺部病原体。在过去十年中，ALI/ARDS在重症患者中仍然是危及生命的疾病，死亡率为30%-40%。目前，尚无用于ALI/ARDS早期诊断或预后评估的实验室检测方法。克拉拉细胞分泌蛋白（CC16）已被研究作为各种肺部疾病中肺上皮损伤的潜在生物标志物。在本研究中，我们评估了血浆CC16是否反映了COVID-19和H1N1感染的严重程度。H1N1组和COVID-19组之间的血浆CC16水平无显著差异（P = 0.09）。在所有受试者中，非幸存者的CC16水平显著高于幸存者（P = 0.001）。经受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUROC）分析，CC16在区分幸存者和非幸存者方面具有可接受的值（P = 0.002）。在COVID-19组中，血浆CC16水平与急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统II（APACHE II）评分中度相关（r = 0.374，P = 0.003），与序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分也中度相关（r = 0.474，P < 0.001）。在H1N1组中，观察到CC16水平与住院时间呈正相关（r = 0.311，P = 0.022）。在所有患者中，观察到血浆CC16水平与SOFA评分（r = 0.328，P < 0.001）和住院时间（r =
