Mizukoshi Fuminori, Kimura Hirokazu, Sugimoto Satoko, Kimura Ryusuke, Nagasawa Norika, Hayashi Yuriko, Hashimoto Koichi, Hosoya Mitsuaki, Shirato Kazuya, Ryo Akihide
Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama-shi 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki-shi 370-0006, Gunma, Japan.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 9;12(8):1633. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081633.
The human parainfluenza virus type 4 (HPIV4) can be classified into two distinct subtypes, 4a and 4b. The full lengths of the gene ( gene) of 48 HPIV4 strains collected during the period of 1966-2022 were analyzed. Based on these gene sequences, the time-scaled evolutionary tree was constructed using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. A phylogenetic tree showed that the first division of the two subtypes occurred around 1823, and the most recent common ancestors of each type, 4a and 4b, existed until about 1940 and 1939, respectively. Although the mean genetic distances of all strains were relatively wide, the distances in each subtype were not wide, indicating that this gene was conserved in each subtype. The evolutionary rates of the genes were relatively low (4.41 × 10 substitutions/site/year). Moreover, conformational B-cell epitopes were predicted in the apex of the trimer fusion protein. These results suggest that HPIV4 subtypes diverged 200 years ago and the progenies further diverged and evolved.
人副流感病毒4型（HPIV4）可分为两个不同的亚型，4a和4b。对1966年至2022年期间收集的48株HPIV4毒株的基因全长进行了分析。基于这些基因序列，使用贝叶斯马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法构建了时间尺度进化树。系统发育树显示，这两个亚型的首次分化发生在1823年左右，4a和4b各型的最近共同祖先分别存在至约1940年和1939年。虽然所有毒株的平均遗传距离相对较宽，但各亚型内的距离并不宽，表明该基因在各亚型中是保守的。该基因的进化速率相对较低（4.41×10 替换/位点/年）。此外，在三聚体融合蛋白的顶端预测了构象性B细胞表位。这些结果表明，HPIV4亚型在200年前就已分化，其后代进一步分化并进化。
